Ionic autocrosslinking of water-based polymer latices: A new concept of acid–base interaction occurring upon film formation

Tiggelman, Ineke; Hartmann, Patrice C.

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2009.09.018

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…For instance, it was shown that hydrophilic block copolymers containing AA in the shell, presented high water sensitivity [ 53 ]. In the work of Tiggelman and coworkers [ 31 ], the main drawback of the material formed by ionic complexation of AA containing particles and DMAEMA ones, was the high water uptake (more than 15%). However, Sevilay et al have demonstrated that, in case of NaSS stabilized polymer films, this increment occurred sharply in the initial contact with water, after which the water uptake remains constant and usually much lower than the film in which conventional surfactant was employed [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above works inspired us to study the ionic inter-particle complexation of waterborne polymer particles and their effect on the final performance of the polymer film. In this line, Tiggelman et al blended two oppositely charged 30% solids content waterborne latexes made of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA), using small amount of acrylic acid (AA) or 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) as anionic and cationic functional monomers [ 31 ]. It was shown that, by a simple acid-base proton transfer, an ionic crosslinking was induced, which influenced the film properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic Inter-Particle Complexation Effect on the Performance of Waterborne Coatings

2021

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The performance of waterborne (meth)acrylic coatings is critically affected by the film formation process, in which the individual polymer particles must join to form a continuous film. Consequently, the waterborne polymers present lower performance than their solvent-borne counter-polymers. To decrease this effect, in this work, ionic complexation between oppositely charged polymer particles was introduced and its effect on the performance of waterborne polymer films was studied. The (meth)acrylic particles were charged by the addition of a small amount of ionic monomers, such as sodium styrene sulfonate and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate. Density functional theory calculations showed that the interaction between the selected main charges of the respective functional monomers (sulfonate–amine) is favored against the interactions with their counter ions (sulfonate–Na and amine–H). To induce ionic complexation, the oppositely charged latexes were blended, either based on the same number of charges or the same number of particles. The performance of the ionic complexed coatings was determined by means of tensile tests and water uptake measurements. The ionic complexed films were compared with reference films obtained at pH at which the cationic charges were in neutral form. The mechanical resistance was raised slightly by ionic bonding between particles, producing much more flexible films, whereas the water penetration within the polymeric films was considerably hindered. By exploring the process of polymer chains interdiffusion using Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) analysis, it was found that the ionic complexation was established between the particles, which reduced significantly the interdiffusion process of polymer chains. The presented ionic complexes of sulfonate–amine functionalized particles open a promising approach for reinforcing waterborne coatings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Inter-Particle Complexation Effect on the Performance of Waterborne Coatings

2021

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“…As an alternative to chemical cross-linking, physical interactions, driven by ionic interactions or by H-bonding, have been proposed to improve the mechanical properties of films cast from latex dispersions. For example, positively charged latexes (containing for instance 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) and negatively charged latexes (containing acrylic acid 141 or sodium styrenesulfonate 142 ) can be synthesized and mixed prior to film formation. Films prepared with blends of this type display slightly improved mechanical properties compared to the individual latexes, indicating some ionic interactions in the final film.…”

Section: Fundamental Challenges In the Production Of Emulsion Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Colloids: Current Challenges, Emerging Applications, and New Developments

et al. 2023

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Polymer colloids are complex materials that have the potential to be used in a vast array of applications. One of the main reasons for their continued growth in commercial use is the water-based emulsion polymerization process through which they are generally synthesized. This technique is not only highly efficient from an industrial point of view but also extremely versatile and permits the large-scale production of colloidal particles with controllable properties. In this perspective, we seek to highlight the central challenges in the synthesis and use of polymer colloids, with respect to both existing and emerging applications. We first address the challenges in the current production and application of polymer colloids, with a particular focus on the transition toward sustainable feedstocks and reduced environmental impact in their primary commercial applications. Later, we highlight the features that allow novel polymer colloids to be designed and applied in emerging application areas. Finally, we present recent approaches that have used the unique colloidal nature in unconventional processing techniques.

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“…In this polyimide copolymer, it contains polypropylene oxide and polyethylene oxide blocks on the side chains as the hydrophilic branches, and tertiary amines and carboxylic acids as the hydrophilic and charged side groups. The functional groups in this type of copolymer may provide a uniform film formation and interfacial adhesion on the skin (13)(14)(15). Most of the natural polymers tested in our experiment were proteins and polysaccharides, which were extracted from natural sources such as plants.…”

Section: Firming Polymers and Sample Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Characterization of Cosmetic and Viscoelastic Effects of Firming Polymers

Chiang

Huang

Ghatlia

2013

ACS Symposium Series

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In personal care products, polymers may be used as emulsifiers, stabilizers, rheology modifiers (e.g. thickening agent), or film formers. When deposited on the skin, polymer usually doesn't penetrate the skin due to its high molecular weight and size. It remains on the skin surface to form a film, which may potentially provide conditioning benefits. One of the conditioning effects is to enhance the tactile stimulus by altering the overall mechanical properties of skin. This mechanical alteration is highly associated with the viscoelastic properties of the polymeric film forming on the skin surface. In order to select a suitable polymer from numerous choices of polymers when designing a product, it is important to have a method to screen polymers and benchmark the performances. In this report, a screening method, a mechanical measurement and its modeling methods to evaluate the mechanical effects of polymers will be presented. A variety of synthetic and natural polymers were tested, and the result suggested that synthetic polymers might provide broader ranges of designs for altering skin mechanical properties. Although most polymers seem to have similar modes of actions in enhancing skin firmness and elasticity, further investigations will be required to completely reveal the design principles and to expand the ranges of mechanical alterations that are delivered by the applications of firming polymers.

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Ionic autocrosslinking of water-based polymer latices: A new concept of acid–base interaction occurring upon film formation

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Ionic Inter-Particle Complexation Effect on the Performance of Waterborne Coatings

Ionic Inter-Particle Complexation Effect on the Performance of Waterborne Coatings

Polymer Colloids: Current Challenges, Emerging Applications, and New Developments

Mechanical Characterization of Cosmetic and Viscoelastic Effects of Firming Polymers

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