Ion Transport by Mammalian Small Intestine

Schultz, Stanley G.; Frizzell, R. A.; Nellans, Hugh N.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.36.030174.000411

Cited by 220 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…1 and 2). The proportional influx of water and electrolyte suggested solute drag, bulk water flow in response to hypertonicity of the luminal fluids (19,38). In contrast to the jejunal segments, in the ileal segments the influx of water was not associated with a proportional influx of solutes, in fact chloride was transported out ofthe lumen in the ileal segments ofthe 3-and 7-wk-old rats regardless of the hypertonicity of the luminal fluids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In "leaky" epithelia, such as that of the small intestine, the proximal kidney tubule, and the gall bladder, where the electric conductance across the intercellular spaces forms around 80-96% of the total transepithelial conductance (10)(11)(12)(13), most of the passive ion transport across the epithelium occurs through the intercellular spaces (10,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Water flows into these Response of the Intestine to Hypertonic Solutions during Maturation spaces in response to a local osmotic gradient produced by active or passive solute transport into these spaces (10,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water flows into these Response of the Intestine to Hypertonic Solutions during Maturation spaces in response to a local osmotic gradient produced by active or passive solute transport into these spaces (10,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). From the mucosal medium, flow of water into the intercellular spaces can be directly through the tight junctions (18) and/or through the cell membranes, and is associated with dilatation of the spaces (20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation of Jejunum and Ileum in Rats

Younoszai¹,

Sapario²,

Laughlin³

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T During osmotic diarrhea, loss of water and electrolytes appears to be greater in infants than in adults. In 2-, 3-, and 7-wk-old rats, we studied net transport of H20, Na, and Cl, during in vivo perfusion of segments of the jejunum and ileum, from solutions with osmolalities of 300, 375, 500, or 700 mosmol/kg. In the jejunal segments, from the hypertonic solutions net transport of H20, Na, and Cl was into the lumen and greater in the 2-than 7-wk-old rats. In the ileal segments, transport of water was into the lumen, transport of Na was minimal and variable, whereas transport of Cl was usually out of the lumen. In 3-wk-old rats, transport rates were intermediate between those in 2-and 7-wk-old rats. The calculated filtration coefficient (microliters of H20 transported per hour per unit osmolality gradient-lumen-serum -per gram dry weight) of water suggested that the resistance to water flow did not increase with rise in luminal hypertonicity in the jejunum of the 2-and 3-wk-old rats, whereas in jejunum of the 7-wk-old rats and in ileum of rats in all three ages, the resistance to water flow increased with the rise in luminal osmolality. The differences in the transport rates and the resistance to water flow, between segments of the 2-, 3-, and 7-wk-old rats, suggested a maturational phenomenon that appears to continue beyond the 3rd wk of life and could have been due to differences in some physical property of the mucosal membrane.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation of Jejunum and Ileum in Rats

Younoszai¹,

Sapario²,

Laughlin³

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…With the rehydrating solution and gluco-saline test meals, the retardation of gastric emptying was generally maintained, even after the offering of water. Since the solutions which showed retardation contain sodium and since water absorption and sodium transport in the jejunal mucosa are interdependent, these findings may be understood to represent a flux of liquids between the mucosa and serosa (37,38). In the model of transcellular flux, sodium actively absorbed in the apical portion of the cell provokes an increase in cell tonus and results in an osmotic gradient with the intercellular space (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting influx of water tends to dilute the internal environment. In another model, the permeability of tight junctions is altered in the presence of sodium and an osmotic gradient, thereby leading to a flow of water in the mucosa-serosa direction, principally through the intercellular space (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric emptying of liquids in rats dehydrated by water deprivation

Baracat

Collares

1997

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The gastric emptying of liquids was investigated in male Wistar rats (8 to 10 weeks old, 210-300 g) dehydrated by water deprivation. In this model of dehydration, weight loss, hematocrit and plasma density were significantly higher in the dehydrated animals than in the control groups after 48 and 72 h of water deprivation (P<0.05). Three test meals (saline (N = 10), water (N = 10) and a WHO rehydrating solution containing in one liter 90 mEq sodium, 20 mEq potassium, 80 mEq chloride and 30 mEq citrate (N = 10)) were used to study gastric emptying following water deprivation for 24, 48 and 72 h. After 72 h, gastric emptying of the water (39.4% retention) and rehydrating solution (49.2% retention) test meals was significantly retarded compared to the corresponding control groups (P<0.05, Mann-Whitney test). The 72-h period of deprivation was used to study the recovery from dehydration, and water was supplied for 60 or 120 min after 67 h of deprivation. Body weight loss, hematocrit and plasma density tended to return to normal when water was offered for 120 min. In the animals supplied with water for 60 min, there was a recovery in the gastric emptying of water while the gastric emptying of the rehydrating solution was still retarded (53.1% retention; P<0.02, KruskalWallis test). In the group supplied with water for 120 min, the gastric emptying of the rehydrating (51.7% retention) and gluco-saline (46.0% retention) solutions tended to be retarded (P = 0.04, Kruskal-Wallis test). In this model of dehydration caused by water deprivation, with little alteration in the body electrolyte content, gastric emptying of the rehydrating solution was retarded after rehydration with water. We conclude that the mechanisms whereby receptors in the duodenal mucosa can modify gastric motility are altered during dehydration caused by water deprivation. Correspondence

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A Commentary on the Use of Rational Oral Electrolyte Therapy

Finberg

1999

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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Ion Transport by Mammalian Small Intestine

Cited by 220 publications

References 0 publications

Maturation of Jejunum and Ileum in Rats

Maturation of Jejunum and Ileum in Rats

Gastric emptying of liquids in rats dehydrated by water deprivation

A Commentary on the Use of Rational Oral Electrolyte Therapy

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