Ion transfer modeling based on Nernst–Planck theory for saline water desalination during electrodialysis process

Zhu, Hairong; Yang, Bo; Gao, Congjie; Wu, Yaqin

doi:10.1002/apj.2410

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The electrochemical method is more efficient in terms of economy and its performance is very high. With this method it is possible to purify water from almost all microorganisms and obtain high quality water [23]. However, if the water contains various organic substances, under the influence of a strong current, they can undergo complex changes, resulting in the formation of harmful substances to the environment.…”

Section: Electrochemical Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Abdiyev¹,

Azat²,

Kuldeyev³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Providing safe drinking water to people in developing countries is an urgent world-wide water problem and a main issue in the UN Sustainability Goals. One of the most efficient and cheapest methods to attain these goals is the use of slow sand filters. Slow sand filters can efficiently provide safe drinking water to people living in small rural communities not served by central water supply systems. The purpose of this review article is to critically summarize and synthesize features and advantages of slow sand filtration methods to improve the quality of drinking water with special focus on less-developed countries. Even though slow sand filtration is an old technique, its efficiency and cost-effectiveness make it important to continue to develop the method in parallel to other chemical and biological methods. Thus, there are needs to continue to develop methods for slow sand filtration combined with simple disinfection techniques for treatment of microbiological pollutants such as bacteria, microbes, viruses, and parasites. These techniques can be applied before or after the sand filter application. Studies are also needed to investigate other types of porous material in areas where suitable sand and gravel are not readily available. Methods are needed to reduce the contents of emerging environmental pollutants such as surfactants and microplastics. Also, further studies are needed to determine design criteria (particle size distribution, depth of media, residence time, temperature, etc.) for different types of pollutants, existing and emerging. Finally, further research is needed to advise on life cycle time, operation (e.g., batch or continuous flow), and maintenance procedures (cleaning of media, back-flushing, etc.) for used porous media in slow the sand filtration.

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Section: Electrochemical Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Abdiyev¹,

Azat²,

Kuldeyev³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The transport of the charged reactive species, referred to as electromigration in the present study, was modeled based on the Nernst-Plank equation. [27][28][29] The molar flux of species i, J i , is expressed in Equation 1, describing the diffusion by concentration difference and migration by electrostatic force. The convection term is not included due to the fact that the experiments were conducted in a quiescent hydrodynamic environment.…”

Section: Theoretical Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling reaction rate of phase transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone by application of low external electric field

2020

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The controllable mass transfer and reaction rate for phase transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone across a well‐defined boundary were investigated. The effect of solvent was found important and 1‐butanol exhibited the best performance among the five investigated homologous alcohol solvents, consistent with its higher solubility in water and greater dielectric constant. Initial reaction rates increased with increasing electric potential, consistent with enhanced mass transfer across the aqueous/organic boundary. At longer reaction times, deactivation was apparent. It correlated with increasing voltage and is ascribed to lower equilibrium concentration of reactive species at the interface. External control over reaction rate was demonstrated by switching the applied electric potential over the course of the reaction. Effects of external electric field on enantioselectivity were also explored with reversal field direction. The changes correlate with catalyst decomposition.

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“…The transport of the charged reactive species, referred to as electromigration in the present study, was modeled based on the Nernst-Plank equation. [27][28][29] The molar flux of speciesi , J i , is expressed in Equation ( 1), describing the diffusion by concentration difference and migration by electrostatic force. The convection term is not included due to the fact that the experiments were conducted in a quiescent hydrodynamic environment.…”

Section: Theoretical Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling reaction rate of phase transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone by application of low external electric field

Wang

Allgeier

Weatherley

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The controllable mass transfer and reaction rate for phase transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone across a well-defined boundary were investigated. The effect of solvent was found important and 1-butanol exhibited the best performance among the five investigated homologous alcohol solvents, consistent with its higher solubility in water and greater dielectric constant. Initial reaction rates increased with increasing electric potential, consistent with enhanced mass transfer across the aqueous/organic boundary. At longer reaction times deactivation was apparent. It correlated with increasing voltage and is ascribed to lower equilibrium concentration of reactive species at the interface. External control over reaction rate was demonstrated by switching the applied electric potential over the course of the reaction. Effects of external electric field on enantioselectivity were also explored with reversal field direction. The changes correlate with catalyst decomposition.

show abstract

Ion transfer modeling based on Nernst–Planck theory for saline water desalination during electrodialysis process

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Controlling reaction rate of phase transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone by application of low external electric field

Controlling reaction rate of phase transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone by application of low external electric field

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