Ion pair extraction coupled with digital image colorimetry as a rapid and green platform for pharmaceutical analysis: An example of chlorpromazine hydrochloride tablet assay

Phadungcharoen, Noppharat; Pengwanput, Natthapat; Nakapan, Apisara; Sutitaphan, Urassaya; Thanomklom, Paweenut; Jongudomsombut, Nut; Chinsriwongkul, Akhayachatra; Rojanarata, Theerasak

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121271

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…While a host of such ion pair complexes are insoluble in aqueous media, many are soluble in a variety of organic solvents [10, 33, 34]. Such differential solubility has made ion‐pair complex formation a popular extraction strategy [35–37], such as in Scott's test. Toward clarifying the blue species resulting from Scott's and other cobalt(II) thiocyanate‐based tests, Oliver et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying the complex chemistry of cobalt(II) thiocyanate‐based tests for cocaine using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques

Burks,

Öhrström,

Amombo Noa

2023

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Cobalt(II) thiocyanate‐based tests are routinely used to screen cocaine products, with the formation of a blue species interpreted as a positive response. An array of other organic bases has been identified as false positives – including well‐documented cocaine product adulterant lidocaine and its salt. False positives prompt continued test development, though improvements are hindered by unresolved product structures and reaction pathways. Toward greater clarity, cobalt(II) thiocyanate reactions with cocaine hydrochloride, along with lidocaine and its salt, were investigated using multiple analytical techniques. Reactions involving cocaine hydrochloride yielded glassy, amorphous blue material while reactions of lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate produced larger, needle‐like crystals whose structure was determined via single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction to be an ion pair (Hlidocaine+)2([Co(SCN)4]2−)·H2O. While the blue precipitate isolated from reactions involving cocaine hydrochloride was unsuitable for crystallographic structure determination, comparative ultraviolet–visible, attenuated total reflectance infrared, and Raman spectroscopic analysis – along with elemental analysis – supports that this solid is comprised of a comparable ion pair (Hcocaine+)2[Co(SCN)4]2−. Pink crystals isolated from lidocaine reaction vessels were identified as coordination compounds cis‐[CoL2(SCN)2] and trans‐[CoL2(SCN)2] where L = lidocaine, while pink crystals from both cocaine hydrochloride and lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate reaction vessels were the coordination polymer trans‐[Co(H2O)2(SCN)2]·H2O. The results presented herein enable reaction optimization to favor a desired product, whether ion pair or coordination species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying the complex chemistry of cobalt(II) thiocyanate‐based tests for cocaine using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques

Burks,

Öhrström,

Amombo Noa

2023

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…The advantages of this method are portability, simplicity, low cost, and ease of operation. The achievements of these smartphonebased spectrophotometric methods have been widely reported in various fields, such as agriculture (Jin et al, 2021;Qi et al, 2020), education (Kajornklin et al, 2020;Santos et al, 2020), the environment (Koohkan et al, 2020;Sargazi & Kaykhaii, 2020), food (Peamaroon et al, 2021;Ko et al, 2021), forensic science (Li et al, 2020;Jackson et al, 2020), industry (Moonrungsee et al, 2020;Shahvar et al, 2020), medical diagnostics (Samacoits et al, 2021;Kap et al, 2021), and pharmaceuticals (Phadungcharoen et al, 2020;Lantam et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple 3d Toolbox-Based Smartphone Colorimeter: The Ability to Detect the Stoichiometric Equivalent of a Chemical Reaction

Moonrungsee,

Jakmunee,

Boonmee

et al. 2023

MJS

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The simple 3D toolbox is constructed and used with a smartphone for detecting the stoichiometric equivalent of chemical reactions. The reaction between salicylic acid and iron(III) ion to form a purple complex is chosen. The captured image of the purple product is measured for RGB color intensities. The color intensities of the solutions depends on concentration of the colored product, and the constant color intensities were observed after the reaction reached its stoichiometry. Several smartphones have been tested for capturing the images and measuring the color intensities. It revealed that all smartphones can be used but the white balance mode is required tuning up to get clear enough picture for color intensity measurement. This smartphone spectrometer provides a comparable results to those obtained from a commercial ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. This work can be a guideline for creation of portable devices in chemical analysis using a smartphone. Moreover, the developed device and method can be practically repeated in chemistry laboratory class for teaching stoichiometry and chemical reaction using a smartphone.

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“…is proposed to increase the determination's selectivity and lower the detection limit. This method involves forming a neutral ion pair between the anion of the analyte and the cation of the ionpair reagent due to electro s tatic interaction [16]. It is known that cations of quaternary ammonium bases (QABs) can form ion pairs with inorganic anions from aqueous solutions [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of tetrafluoroborate in wastewaters by ion chromatography after ion pair liquid-liquid dispersive microextraction

Sirotkin

Elipasheva

Knyazev

et al. 2022

Anal. Method Environ. Chem. J.

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The ion chromatographic method was developed to determine tetrafluoroborate ion (BF4-) in different types of water using ion pair liquid-liquid dispersive microextraction. Tetrafluoroborate was extracted into an organic phase (1,2-dichloroethane) as an ion pair with a tetrabutylammonium cation (TBA+). The most complete formation of [(ТBА+)(BF4-)] was observed at ion-pair reagent concentration of at least 5 mmol L-1 (C(BF4-) ≤ 1mg L-1). Ultrasonic irradiation was used to disperse the extractant. The achieved concentration factor (K) was 29±3, and the degree of extraction (R) was 50±5%. The limit of detection of tetrafluoroborate using the microextraction technique was 7×10-3 mg L-1. The method applies to the analysis of different water origins. The presence of the main contained anions does not interfere with the microextraction and chromatographic determination of tetrafluoroborate. The maximum molar ratio of BF4- to diverse ions is 1:104 for fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrate ions, and 1:102 for sulfate and perchlorate ions.

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Ion pair extraction coupled with digital image colorimetry as a rapid and green platform for pharmaceutical analysis: An example of chlorpromazine hydrochloride tablet assay

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Clarifying the complex chemistry of cobalt(II) thiocyanate‐based tests for cocaine using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques

Clarifying the complex chemistry of cobalt(II) thiocyanate‐based tests for cocaine using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques

A Simple 3d Toolbox-Based Smartphone Colorimeter: The Ability to Detect the Stoichiometric Equivalent of a Chemical Reaction

Determination of tetrafluoroborate in wastewaters by ion chromatography after ion pair liquid-liquid dispersive microextraction

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