Ion-optical design of High energy FRagment Separator (HFRS) at HIAF

The Barrel of γ array, consisting of 640 CsI(Tl) crystals and covering a polar angle range from 36.4° to 135.6°, has been designed for the experimental terminals at High energy FRagment Separator of High-Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility in Huizhou. Together with the existing Endcap, consisting of 1024 CsI(Tl) crystals and covering a polar angle from 15.6° to 36.4°, at the External Target Facility in Lanzhou to form a new γ array, it is expected to meet the experimental requirements for in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy technique. A Monte Carlo code based on Geant4 was implemented to study the performance of the new γ array. Taking into account the Doppler correction and the intrinsic energy resolution of the detector, the energy resolution is 5.4% (FWHM) for the Endcap and 9.8% (FWHM) for the Barrel when the energy of the emitted γ-ray is 1 MeV in the Center-of-Mass frame with the beam energy of 500 MeV/u (beam velocity β = 0.759). The full-space photopeak efficiency is greater than 40% when the energy of the emitted γ-ray is less than 5 MeV in the Center-of-Mass frame and the beam energy is less than 700 MeV/u (β = 0.821). Such performance can satisfy most of the physics requirements for in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy experiments.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design and simulated performance of the Barrel part of gamma array for the experimental terminal at HFRS of HIAF

Li,

Yan,

Wang

et al. 2024

“…The construction of the HIAF complex [1] marks a significant advancement in technology, offering capabilities such as radioactive ion beams, highly energetic and tightly bunched heavy ion beams, as well as highly charged ions. To support the future upgrade projects and experimental facilities, such as the High energy FRagmant Separator (HRFS) [2] and the Electron-ion collider in China (EicC) [3], real-time particle hit imaging becomes a crucial requirement. Therefore, the installation of high-quality detectors is essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Nupix-A2, a Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor for heavy-ion physics

Huang,

He,

Niu

et al. 2023

The High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is being constructed to generate intense beams of primary and radioactive ion for a wide range of research fields. Hence, a Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) named Nupix-A2 has been developed in a 130-nm High Resistivity CMOS process. The Nupix-A2 can simultaneously measure the particle hit' energy, arrival time, and position. It consists of a 128 × 128 pixel array, a digital-to-analog converter array, and a digital control module. The Nupix-A2 can measure energy deposition from 300 e- to over 50 ke- and time duration from 13 μs to 140 μs. This sensor also offers full readout mode and fast readout mode. In full-readout mode, all pixels measure arrival time and energy, suitable for real-time beam monitoring and image reconstruction. In fast-readout mode, only particle hit's positions are detected and read out. This paper presents the design of the Nupix-A2.

“…With the completion of the High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) [1] in Huizhou City, China, an advanced High energy FRagment Separator (HFRS) [2] will be built. It is an important experimental platform for nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The HSPC — a high speed PCIe readout card for the HFRS-TPC

Tian,

Sun,

Chang

et al. 2023

A new High-Speed PCI Express (PCIe) readout Card (HSPC) has been designed to transmit and aggregate data from the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) that will be assembled on High energy FRagment Separator (HFRS) beamlines at the High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) currently being built in Huizhou City, China. The HSPC features a high-performance controller utilizing the Xilinx Kintex Ultrascale Series Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), two Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable Plus (QSFP+) connectors, and a PCIe Gen3×8 interface with theoretical bandwidth of 64 Gbps. Experimental testing shows that there are no errors on the 8-fiber optics when operating at 9.6 Gbps per link, and the bit error rate (BER) is less than 1.0 × 10-15. In addition, the total read bandwidth of PCIe Gen3×8 reaches 7085.4 MB/s. Consequently, the HSPC can meet HFRS requirements.