Ion nitriding of titanium alpha plus beta alloy for fusion reactor applications

Roliński, E.; Sharp, G.; Cowgill, Donald F.; Peterman, D.J

doi:10.1016/s0022-3115(97)00325-5

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These alloys offer good hardenability and formability and resistance to corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement. Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al, Ti-11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn (β-III), and Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Zr-4Mo (β-C) are among commercially used β-Ti alloys [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Classification Of Titanium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of plasma nitriding process parameters on the microstructure and properties of titanium alloys was studied by several researchers [6,16,57,62]. According to da Silva et al [16], the composition of plasma-nitrided Ti-6Al-4V surfaces was a very complex function of the nitriding parameters, for example, time, temperature, gas mixture composition, and pressure, among which temperature had the most significant influence.…”

Section: Effect Of Plasma Nitriding On Microstructure Of Titanium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conventional nitriding techniques such as salt bath treatments, gas nitriding, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP), nitrogen atoms are provided by liquid, gas, or solid media [1,2]. In plasma nitriding, also known as ion nitriding and glow discharge nitriding, active nitrogen is provided by an ionized nitrogen-containing atmosphere [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Edrisy¹,

Farokhzadeh²

2016

Plasma Science and Technology - Progress in Physical States and Chemical Reactions

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Titanium alloys are found in many applications where weight saving, strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility are important design priorities. However, their poor tribological behavior is a major drawback, and many surface engineering processes have been developed to enhance wear in titanium alloys such as nitriding. Plasma (ion) nitriding, originally developed for ferrous alloys, has been adopted to address wear concerns in titanium alloys. Plasma nitriding improves the wear resistance of titanium alloys by the formation of a thin surface layer composed of TiN and Ti 2 N titanium nitrides (e.g., compound layer). Nonetheless, plasma nitriding treatments of titanium alloys typically involve high temperatures (700-1100°C) that promote detrimental microstructural changes in titanium substrates, formation of brittle surface layers, and deterioration of mechanical properties especially fatigue strength. This chapter summarizes the previous and ongoing investigations in the field of plasma nitriding of titanium alloys, with particular emphasis on the authors' recent efforts in optimization of the process to achieve tribological improvements while maintaining mechanical properties. The development of low-temperature plasma nitriding treatments for α + β and near-β titanium alloys and further wear improvements by alteration of near-surface microstructure prior to nitriding are also briefly reviewed.

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Section: Classification Of Titanium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Plasma Nitriding On Microstructure Of Titanium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Edrisy¹,

Farokhzadeh²

2016

Plasma Science and Technology - Progress in Physical States and Chemical Reactions

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“…This is why these composites, known as the metallicintermetallic laminates (MIL), arouse increasing interest in industry. The only drawback which lies in that titanium and its alloys, which form the outer zones of the composite, show poor resistance to frictional wear, can be eliminated by subjecting the composite to various surface treatments such as glow discharge assisted nitriding or carbonitriding [6][7][8]. Moreover, binary titanium alloys, which are used in industry most often because of their high fatigue strength, have however a relatively low resistance to oxidation at temperatures above 550 o C [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of the Microstructure and Properties of Laminate Titanium Alloy - TiAl Intermetallic Phases Composites By A Duplex Surface Engineering Treatment

Ossowski¹,

Moskalewicz²,

Czyrska‐Filemonowicz³

et al. 2008

Advances in Materials Sciences

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Laminate TiAl 3-titanium alloy composites have unique mechanical properties which result from a combination of the properties of the Ti-Al type intermetallic phases, such as the high stiffness and low density, and the properties of the titanium alloy, primarily its high ductility. These composite materials have already been used in industry, but their application is limited by the low resistance to frictional wear and to oxidation at elevated temperatures. The process of diffusion bonding of titanium alloys with an aluminum foil, followed by magnetron sputtering combined with glow discharge-assisted oxidizing, yields a gradient-type material, i.e. a laminate composite built of the TiAl 3-reinforced titanium alloy with a diffusion surface layer of the Al 2 O 3 +Ti-Al intermetallic phase type. The paper presents the results of examination of the structure (by optical, SEM and TEM microscopy), phase composition, chemical composition, frictional wear resistance of the Al 2 O 3 +Ti x Al y intermetallic composite surface layers produced on the composites, described above, by a duplex method that combines magnetron sputtering and plasma oxidizing processes. The composite surface layers have a diffusion character, and their microstructure, thickness and phase composition can be modified by modifying the parameters of the hybrid process, in particular the parameters of the glow discharge oxidizing, since these decide about whether the structure of the layer is nano-crystalline or fine-grained and thereby about the properties of the laminate composite.

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“…Porque existem seis conjuntos de planos não paralelos de crescimento em um determinado grão β, uma estrutura de placas da fase α é formada, composta por seis conjuntos não paralelos (YANG;HAO, 1999 BERGMANN, 1998;MISHRA et al, 2003;EL-HOSSARY et al, 2005;KASHAEV;STOCK;MAYR, 2005). A nitretação por plasma das ligas de titânio mostraram várias vantagens sobre outros métodos, dentre elas o fato da pulverização catódica simultaneamente limpar a superfície exposta à nitretação por plasma e, como resultado, as camadas produzidas por esta técnica conterem menos impurezas do que aquelas produzidas pela nitretação a gás (ROLIŃSKI, 1989;ROLINSKI et al, 1998). Possibilitando trabalhar de forma eficiente em temperaturas menores que as utilizadas em outros métodos convencionais, evitando modificações na microestrutura e nas propriedades mecânicas do substrato, além de permitir um melhor recobrimento superficial em formas complexas (FOUQUET et al, 2004a).…”

Section: A Microestrutura De Widmanstättenunclassified

Estudo do comportamento mecânico em temperaturas elevadas da liga Ti-6Al-4V após tratamento superficial de nitretação por plasma

Almeida¹

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The Ti-6Al-4V alloy is one of the most widely used titanium alloys, but its structural applications at elevated temperatures are limited because of the titanium high affinity for oxygen. A surface treatment that improves the oxidation resistance of this alloy allowing the replacement of parts that are currently produced with Nibased super alloys by this material could significantly reduce the weight of these components. The aim of this work is to improve the creep resistance of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy using plasma nitriding. In order to homogenize the material microstructure, it was performed a heat treatment at 1050ºC for 30 minutes to obtain the Widmanstätten microstructure, which was the that presented better resistance to creep in the no nitrided material. The nitriding was performed by varying parameters as time, temperature and gas mixture in the atmosphere during the process. The chosen condition was a gas mixture of Ar: N 2 : H 2 (0.49: 0.49: 0.03) at 700°C for 4 hours. The compound layer characterization was performed by optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques and X-ray diffraction. The nitrided samples phases detected by XRD were -Ti 2 N, -TiN and the α-Ti and β-Ti matrix phases. The layer thickness of this sample was about 1 µm. The hot tensile tests were performed in a temperature range from 500°C to 700°C in nitrided and no nitrided materials and show an increase in the strength of the nitrided alloy up 29% in yield and ultimate strength. The creep tests were also performed in a temperature between 500 and 700ºC and stress range from 125 to 319 MPa. The results showed an increase in nitrided sample creep resistance. This was evidenced by both the decrease in secondary creep rate and an increase in final creep time.

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Ion nitriding of titanium alpha plus beta alloy for fusion reactor applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Modification of the Microstructure and Properties of Laminate Titanium Alloy - TiAl Intermetallic Phases Composites By A Duplex Surface Engineering Treatment

Estudo do comportamento mecânico em temperaturas elevadas da liga Ti-6Al-4V após tratamento superficial de nitretação por plasma

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