Ion Flux Environments in Interplanetary Space

Minow, Joseph I.; Parker, Linda Neergaard; Altstatt, Richard L.; Skipworth, William; Sverdrup, Jacobs

doi:10.2514/6.2006-473

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…The L2-Charged Particle Environment Model is designed to provide radiation dose estimates for spacecraft in orbit about L2. L2-CPE is an empirical engineering model for energies <1MeV and is a revised version of the earlier LRAD model [3] and is based largely on data from the Geotail spacecraft. The L2-CPE model is constructed in a similar fashion to the SSRE model, using plasma and energetic particle data from the Geotail spacecraft, rather than Ulysses.…”

Section: A Electron Environment Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplanetary Electron Model (IEM)

Taylor

Vacanti

Maddox

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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key part of mission planning is the estimation of the radiation environment likely to be encountered by the spacecraft. This commonly consists of the solar proton fluence, cosmic rays, and any trapped particle environments likely to be encountered. Almost invariably overlooked are electrons in interplanetary space from solar particle events and other sources. This can be attributed to the relative Total Ionising Dose (TID) and Single Event Effect (SEE) damage that may be incurred by energetic protons over electrons [1]. However, in certain scenarios the dose deposited in lightly shielded regions of a spacecraft by electrons, as well as the potential for charging can be significant, particularly in the use of cryogenics, where lower temperatures can reduce the conductivity of common space polymers. In addition, the use of highly sensitive detectors in interplanetary space (e.g: Herschal, Planck at L2) requires a good understanding of all possible sources of noise and contamination. An extensive collection of electron flux data exists, dating back to the early 1970s. These data have been used for scientific studies of the environment, but has rarely been used to form an engineering model with predictive capabilities. Giuseppe Vacanti is with cosine Science and Computing BV, Niels Bohrweg 11, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands (e-mail: gvacanti@cosine.nl).Dr. Erik Maddox is with cosine Science and Computing BV, Niels Bohrweg 11, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands (e-mail: emaddox@cosine.nl).Dr. Craig Underwood is with the Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK (e-mail: c.underwood@surrey.ac.uk) CMEs. Secondary sources include Jovian and galactic electrons, with solar wind electrons typically falling below the 200keV lower limit for the model.

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Section: A Electron Environment Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplanetary Electron Model (IEM)

Taylor

Vacanti

Maddox

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Appendix B: The Space Environment

Garrett

Whittlesey

2012

Guide to Mitigating Spacecraft Charging Effects

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Appendix C: Environment, Electron Transport, and Spacecraft Charging Computer Codes

Garrett

Whittlesey

2012

Guide to Mitigating Spacecraft Charging Effects

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Codes are listed below in alphabetical order. Note that some codes do both environments and transport but are listed in one place only. C.1.1 AE8/AP8The NASA AE8 (electrons) and AP8 (protons) radiation models are the traditional electron and proton models of Earth's radiation environment. The AE8 predictions for GEO are probably the most used estimates of the average environment. In these codes, the fluxes are long-term averages (~5 years or more). There are two versions of each model-AE8 solar minimum and AE8 solar maximum and AP8 solar minimum and AP8 solar maximum. They do not predict the peak electron fluxes that are necessary for the internal charging calculations recommended in this book. Reference [1] reviews the output and problems with the AE8/AP8 models. (Note: as of publication of this book, the new AE9/AP9 radiation models had just gone out for beta testing-they were expected to be formally released in late 2011.) C.1.2 CRRESCRRES monitored Earth's radiation belts in an eccentric orbit for 14 months starting in July 1990. The data from the spacecraft are in the form of electron and proton flux and dose-depth curves as functions of time and altitude. Environment codes from CRRES include CRRESRAD (dose versus depth); CRRESPRO (proton flux energy spectrum); and CRRESELE (electron flux energy spectrum). They are available from the Air Force Research Laboratory

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Ion Flux Environments in Interplanetary Space

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

The Interplanetary Electron Model (IEM)

The Interplanetary Electron Model (IEM)

Appendix B: The Space Environment

Appendix C: Environment, Electron Transport, and Spacecraft Charging Computer Codes

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