Ion exchange properties of carboxylated bagasse

Abstract

Bagasse fibers were chemically modified with the aim to prepare lignocellulosic materials that have the ability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water. Three different reactions were used for the modification: etherification using monochloroacetic acid, esterification using succinic anhydride, and oxidation using sodium periodate and sodium chlorite. Bagasse was crosslinked using epichlorohydrin before chemical modification to avoid loss of its constituents during the chemical modification or application. The structure of the prepared derivatives was proofed using Fourier transform infrared and chemical methods. The ability of the prepared bagasse cation exchangers to adsorb heavy metal ions (Cu 2ϩ , Ni 2ϩ , Cr 3ϩ , Fe 3ϩ ), on a separate basis or in a mixture of them, at different metal ion concentration was tested. Thermal stability of the different bagasse derivatives was studied using thermogravimetric analysis.

A green and simple method for preparation of an efficient palladium adsorbent based on cysteine functionalized 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose

“…From the spectra of 2D-DAC and 13D-DAC, the characteristic peaks of C 1s (285 eV) and O 1s (531 eV) are shown. For the spectra of 2D-DAC-LC and 13D-DAC-LC, the additional peaks corresponding to N 1s (398 eV) and S 2p (164 eV) peaks can be clearly seen and the spectra of 2D-DAC-LC-Pd and 13D-DAC-LC-Pd reveal the further addition of signals for Pd 3d5 (335 eV) and Pd 3d3 (340 eV) (Moulder et al 1992). Radiation cross-linked carboxymethylchitin hydrogels 2.68 (Wasikiewicz et al 2007) Chitosan resin modified with L-lysine 109.47 (Fujiwara et al 2007) Polystyrene-divinylbenzene functionalized with isothiouronium 20 (Venkatesan et al 2005) Carbon black modified with L-Cysteine 84 (Panchompoo et al 2011) Mesoporous silica functionalized with 3-(( (5- Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)…”

Agricultural By-Products for Phosphorous Removal and Recovery from Water and Wastewater: A Green Technology

“…The authors ascribed this to higher intra-particle diffusion and binding energy of AC/N-Fe(II) in comparison with AC/N-Fe(III). Shin et al (2005) found that the level of PO4 3-capture by La(III) loaded juniper bark fiber was improved from 20.05 to 33.35 mg/g as the concentration of La(NO3)3•6H2O increased from 0.01 M to 0.1 M. Nada and Hassan (2006) revealed that etherification was more efficient than oxidation and esterification in deposition of all four investigated heavy metals (i.e., Cu, Fe, Ni, Cr) onto carboxymethyl cellulose.…”

“…This can be done via reactions between hydroxyl (OH -) groups in AWBs with amines (−NH2) groups in quaternary ammonium compounds (Nada and Hassan 2006;Karachalios 2012;Karachalios 2012). This process includes two steps, namely cross-linking and quaternizing (Marshall and Wartelle 2004).…”

Influence of different factors of physico-chemical modification on structure and properties of hemp fibers

“…Sa druge strane, tretmanom vlakana konoplje sa 0,7 % NaClO 2 i progresivnim uklanjanjem lignina dolazi do postupnog uklanjanja mikropora, srednja lamela postane homogenija, dok je uticaj na ćelije bude neznatan [158,186]. U tom smeru došlo se do zaključka da bi se lignocelulozni materijali, zbog svojih hemijskih i fizičko mehaničkih svojstava mogli koristiti kao sorbenti u ovoj oblasti [231][232][233][234].…”

“…Moć sorpcije sorbenta direktno zavisi od prirode supstanci koje ulaze u njegov hemijski sastav, veličine aktivne površine za koju se joni mogu vezati, tipa aktivnih funkcionalnih grupa svih konstituenata i njihove dostupnosti za jone teških metala. TakoĎe treba napomenuti, da sama struktura lignoceluloznih vlakana (amorfna i kristalna područja), kao i prisustvo pukotina, šupljina i mikropora, igraju veoma važnu ulogu u procesu sorpcije jona teških metala iz vodenih rastvora [234].…”