Ion Exchange of Ammonium in Zeolites: A Literature Review

Hedström, Annelie

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2001)127:8(673)

Cited by 239 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The bacteria presumably could not strip ammonium from exchange sites within the zeolite aggregates since their cells are approximately 1000 times larger than the pores formed by the zeolite lattice structure. Nitrifying biofilm-enhanced zeolite also appears to provide a dampening effect on shocks to digesters associated with peak or variable loads [19,24]. Such early studies considering nitrifying bacteria combined with older knowledge about anammox bacteria found in marine environments led to the possibility of combining these processes with zeolites to enhance nitrogen removal rates from domestic wastewater.…”

Section: Zeolites and Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The review by Hedstrom [19] acknowledged the ion-exchange capability of zeolites with respect to wastewater treatment but noted that biological or chemical regeneration methods would be required. The apparent drawback of this use was the slow formation of the bacteria layer on the zeolite surface, which does not become immediately effective, requiring bacterial growth establishment times of 1-2 weeks in the digesters.…”

Section: Zeolites and Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Zeolite-Anammox Treatment Process for Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater—A Review

Grismer

Collison

2017

Water

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Water quality in San Francisco Bay has been adversely affected by nitrogen loading from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging around the periphery of the Bay. While there is documented use of zeolites and anammox bacteria in removing ammonia and possibly nitrate during wastewater treatment, there is little information available about the combined process. Though relatively large, zeolite beds have a finite ammonium adsorption potential and require periodic re-generation depending on the wastewater nitrogen loading. Use of anammox bacteria reactors for wastewater treatment have shown that ammonium (and to some degree, nitrate) can be successfully removed from the wastewater, but the reactors require careful attention to loading rates and internal redox conditions. Generally, their application has been limited to treatment of high-ammonia strength wastewater at relatively warm temperatures. Moreover, few studies are available describing commercial or full-scale application of these reactors. We briefly review the literature considering use of zeolites or anammox bacteria in wastewater treatment to set the stage for description of an integrated zeolite-anammox process used to remove both ammonium and nitrate without substrate regeneration from mainstream WWTP effluent or anaerobic digester filtrate at ambient temperatures.

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Section: Zeolites and Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zeolites and Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zeolite-Anammox Treatment Process for Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater—A Review

Grismer

Collison

2017

Water

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“…That is the reason why the search for improvements of the existing processes has led to the proposal of using zeolite as a microbial support and ammonium ion exchanger (Hedström 2001;Ho and Ho 2012;Mace and Mata-Alvarez 2002;Wei et al 2010;Wilderer et al 2000Wilderer et al , 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous nitrification–denitrification of wastewater: effect of zeolite as a support in sequential batch reactor with step-feed strategy

Guerrero

Montalvo

Huiliñir

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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One of the technologies used for wastewater nitrogen removal consists in simultaneous nitrificationdenitrification. The low microbial growth rate and the low availability of organic material for the denitrification stage make it necessary to study new operational conditions and the use of microbial supports. The aim of this study was to evaluate the operational behavior of a simultaneous nitrification-denitrification process in a sequential batch reactor utilizing zeolite as a biomass support and step-feed strategy. Two reactors of 2 L were used, one with zeolite and another without zeolite, both operated at constant temperature (31°C), varying nitrogen loading rate (NLR) from 0.041 to 0.113 kg total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN/m 3 /day). After 209 days, removals higher than 86 and 96 % in nitrogen compounds and organic matter were obtained, respectively. There was not accumulation of nitrate and nitrite in any case; this means that there was a simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in the reactors. The incorporation of zeolite in the system held higher concentration of biomass in the reactor; this led to reduce start-up to 21 days and to improve 11.31 % removal kinetic. The use of a stepfeed strategy prevents events of inhibition by substrate, even duplicating tolerance to higher NLR for the same operation time.

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“…However, when zeolites are applied to recover NH4 + from 18 waste waters, the major drawback is their ability to be regenerated. Although several types of 19 regeneration treatments have been studied, most of them are very expensive (Hedström, 2001). 20 Therefore, the direct application of natural zeolites as soil amendments has been reported to be the 21 best option for soils.…”

Section: Term 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorisation of N and P from waste water by using natural reactive hybrid sorbents: Nutrients (N,P,K) release evaluation in amended soils by dynamic experiments

Guaya

Valderrama

Farrán

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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13The removal of nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P)) from waste water has become a resource 14 recovery option in recent regulations worldwide, as observed in the European Union. Although both 15 of these nutrients could be recovered from the sludge line, more than 70-75% of the N and P is 16 discharged into the water line. Efforts to improve the nutrient recovery ratios have focused on 17 developing low-cost technologies that use sorption processes. In this study, a natural zeolite 18 (clinoptilolite type) in its potassium (K) form was impregnated with hydrated metal oxides and used to 19 prepare natural hybrid reactive sorbents (HRS) for the simultaneous recovery of ammonium (NH4 + ) 20 and phosphate (PO4 3-) from treated urban waste water. Three unfertile soils (e.g., one acidic and two 21 basic) amended with N-P-K charged HRS were leached with deionized water (e.g. to simulate 22 infiltration in the field) at two-and three-day time intervals over 15 different leaching cycles 23 (equivalent to 15 bed volumes). The N-P-K leaching profiles for the three charged hybrid sorbents 24 exhibited continuous nutrient release, with their values dependent on the composition of minerals in 25 the soils. In the basic soil that is rich in illite and calcite, the release of potassium (K + ) and ammonium 26 (NH4 + ) is favoured by-ion exchange with calcium (Ca 2+ ) and accordingly diminishes the release of 27 phosphate (PO4 3-) due to its limited solubility in saturated calcite solutions (pH 8 to 9). The opposite is 28 true for sandy soils that are rich in albite (both acidic and basic), whereas the release of NH4 + and K + 29 was limited and the values of both ions measured in the leaching solutions were below 1 mg/L. Their 30 leaching solutions were poor in Ca 2+ , and the release of PO4 3-was higher (up to 12 mg P-PO4 3-/L). 31 *Revised manuscript with no changes marked Click here to view linked References 2The nutrient releases necessary for plant growth were provided continuously and were controlled 1 primarily by the soil mineral dissolution rates fixing the soil aqueous solution composition (e.g. pH 2 and ionic composition; in particular, the presence of calcite is a determinant for nutrient release, 3 especially in alkaline soils). The N-P-K charged HRS sorbents that were used for soil amendment 4 may be an alternative for avoiding nutrient leaching and reaching the goals of soil sustainability in 5 agriculture and reducing the nutrient overloading of surface waters. 6

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Ion Exchange of Ammonium in Zeolites: A Literature Review

Cited by 239 publications

References 27 publications

The Zeolite-Anammox Treatment Process for Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater—A Review

The Zeolite-Anammox Treatment Process for Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater—A Review

Simultaneous nitrification–denitrification of wastewater: effect of zeolite as a support in sequential batch reactor with step-feed strategy

Valorisation of N and P from waste water by using natural reactive hybrid sorbents: Nutrients (N,P,K) release evaluation in amended soils by dynamic experiments

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