Ion Diffusion Coefficients Through Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: Temperature and Charge Dependence

Ghostine, Ramy A.; Schlenoff, Joseph B.

doi:10.1021/la2015258

Cited by 42 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The geometric constant, K, was determined for a single molecule but never empirically proved to be a constant; especially for the case of multiple molecules diffusing in different buffer solutions. A key contribution in this paper is the rearrangement of Equation 3 into Equation 4, as an alternative data analysis treatment for ETOF data.…”

Section: = σKtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common method of determining diffusion coefficients for analytes in bulk solutions or through gels and membranes relies on the rotating disk electrode (RDEs) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] or the rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE). 8 Accurate values for the area of the electrode, A, the number of electrons transferred, n, the concentration of the molecule, C, and the viscosity of the solution, v, must also be known in order to effectively determine the diffusion coefficient from the slope of a Levich Plot.…”

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Rapid and Direct Determination of Diffusion Coefficients Using Microelectrode Arrays

Moldenhauer

Meier

Paul

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The sensitivity of amperometric sensors is typically set by the rate diffusion of the analyte to the electrode surface, so determining diffusion coefficients in various electrolyte solutions is of fundamental interest. It has been theoretically shown and verified that diffusion coefficients of electrochemically generated analytes can be determined using electrochemical time of flight (ETOF), a method that uses an electrochemical array in which one electrode generates a Red/Ox species, and measures the analyte diffusion times to collecting electrodes of differing distances from a stationary generator. ETOF has the potential to greatly simplify the determination of diffusion coefficients as the analyte concentration, the electroactive area, the solution viscosity, and the electron transfer kinetics can remain unknown. Here we demonstrate an alternative data treatment for ETOF in which the electrochemical flight time is measured for a series of different Red/Ox species of known diffusion coefficients at a single distance. We show this a valid application of a method that has existed for almost 30 years, by determining diffusion coefficients for ruthenium (II) hexamine, and diffusion coefficients in solutions of increased viscosity. Diffusion coefficients are important because they set the sensitivity of amperometric sensors and they are a fundamental property both in membrane permeability and in electrochemical measurements. The most common method of determining diffusion coefficients for analytes in bulk solutions or through gels and membranes relies on the rotating disk electrode (RDEs) 1-7 or the rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE).8 This method determines the diffusion coefficients, D, from the slope of a Levich plot constructed by measuring limiting currents, I L , as a function of square root of the rotation rate, w, according to the Levich equation (Equation 1).Accurate values for the area of the electrode, A, the number of electrons transferred, n, the concentration of the molecule, C, and the viscosity of the solution, v, must also be known in order to effectively determine the diffusion coefficient from the slope of a Levich Plot. The diffusion coefficients of molecules through bulk solution can also be determined quantitatively by wall-jet chronoamperometry, 9 or qualitatively by comparing the CV's of different compounds because the shape of the CV is related to the diffusion coefficient of the molecule. [10][11][12] The other primary option for determining diffusion coefficients of a molecule through a membrane coated over an electrode is impedance spectroscopy, [13][14][15][16][17][18] where the diffusion of the molecule through a membrane or polymer is related to the impedance of the polymer or membrane to current flow. As such, the diffusion through the polymer is related directly to the resistance of charge transfer (mobility) through the membrane, which is related to its conductivity and directly correlated to the diffusion coefficient by the Nernst-Einstein equation (Equation 2).Conductance, σ, ca...

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Section: = σKtmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Rapid and Direct Determination of Diffusion Coefficients Using Microelectrode Arrays

Moldenhauer

Meier

Paul

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…27 Transport through PSS/PDADMA is strongly temperature dependent. 45 Therefore, release by external RF heating of a drug captured within the hydrated ION-PEC is possible.…”

Section: Scheme 1 Two-step Mixing Procedures To Make Ion-pecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extruded Superparamagnetic Saloplastic Polyelectrolyte Nanocomposites

Wang

Schlenoff

2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Iron oxide nanoparticles of diameter ca. 12 nm were dispersed into polyelectrolyte complexes made from poly(styrenesulfonate) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium). These nanocomposites were plasticized with salt water and extruded into dense, tough fibers. Magnetometry of these composites showed they retained the superparamagnetic properties of their constituent nanoparticles with saturation magnetization that scaled with the loading of nanoparticles. Their superparamagnetic response allowed the composites to be heated remotely by radiofrequency fields. While the modulus of fibers was unaffected by the presence of nanoparticles the toughness and tensile strength increased significantly.

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“…Ichinose et al examined the cross-linked multilayer membranes and evaluated their pore size by passing through them particles of various sizes [43]. Although promising performance for ion separations has been shown, little is known concerning the effective diffusion coefficients governed by the multilayer membrane structure [44]. Han et al studied the permeability of the PAH/PSS films using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of permeability of poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) multilayer films: Linear vs. exponential growth

Elżbieciak-Wodka

Kolasińska-Sojka

Nowak

et al. 2015

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Ion Diffusion Coefficients Through Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: Temperature and Charge Dependence

Cited by 42 publications

References 44 publications

Rapid and Direct Determination of Diffusion Coefficients Using Microelectrode Arrays

Rapid and Direct Determination of Diffusion Coefficients Using Microelectrode Arrays

Extruded Superparamagnetic Saloplastic Polyelectrolyte Nanocomposites

Comparison of permeability of poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) multilayer films: Linear vs. exponential growth

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