Ion behavior in an electrically compensated ion cyclotron resonance trap

Brustkern, Adam M.; Rempel, Don L.; Gross, Michael L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2010.06.027

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…This systematic mass error is likely to be due to the fact that, for two molecules with the same mass, where one is singly charged and the other is doubly charged, the doubly charged ion will suffer a far greater perturbation from electric field imperfections (either from the static trapping field, − image charge, or particularly space charge) . Given this explanation, one would expect this effect to be greatest for low-mass ions and for this effect to decrease as ion mass increases, which matches with the result we recorded.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Use of an Artificial Immune System Derived Method for the Charge State Assignment of Small-Molecule Mass Spectra

Kilgour

Mackay²,

Langridge‐Smith

et al. 2012

Anal. Chem.

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Knowing the charge state of an ion in a mass spectrum is crucial to being able to assign a formula to it. For many small-molecule peaks in complex mass spectra, the intensities of the isotopic peaks are too low to allow the charge state to be calculated from isotopic spacings, which is the basis of the conventional method of determining the charge state of an ion. A novel artificial intelligence derived method for identifying the charge state of ions, in the absence of any isotopic information or a series of charge states, has been developed using an artificial immune system approach. This technique has been tested against synthetic and real data sets and has proven successful in identifying the majority of multiply charged ions, thereby significantly improving the peak assignment rate and confidence.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Use of an Artificial Immune System Derived Method for the Charge State Assignment of Small-Molecule Mass Spectra

Kilgour

Mackay²,

Langridge‐Smith

et al. 2012

Anal. Chem.

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“…Notably, whereas some of the metrics such as the peak coalescence threshold and the spectral dynamic range improve with magnetic field squared, the resolving power per fixed acquisition period is simply proportional to the magnitude of magnetic field when the standard methods for signal detection and signal processing are employed. Recent innovations in FT-ICR MS cell technologies extend the achievable resolving powers via enabling acquisition of transient signals with up to pressure-limited lifetimes via improved harmonization of the electric field inside the ICR cell. − However, these approaches to the ICR cell designs aim at reducing the ions dephasing effect on the transients due to dependencies of the measured frequency components on the amplitude of ion trapping oscillations − and do not increase the resolving power per fixed acquisition period. In other words, those developments, while being interesting and impressive, are not getting closer to meeting the emerging demands for higher resolution at higher acquisition rates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry with Increased Throughput for Biomolecular Analysis

et al. 2014

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A multielectrode ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) cell, herein referred to as the "4X cell", for signal detection at the quadruple frequency multiple was implemented and characterized on a commercial 10 T Fourier transform ICR mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS). Notably, with the 4X cell operating at a 10 T magnetic field we achieved a 4-fold increase in MS acquisition rate per unit of resolving power for signal detection periods typically employed in FTMS, viz., shorter than 6 s. Effectively, the obtained resolution performance represents the limit of the standard measurement principle with dipolar signal detection and FT signal processing at an equivalent magnetic field of 40 T. In other words, the achieved resolving powers are 4 times higher than those provided by 10 T FT-ICR MS with a standard ICR cell. For example, resolving powers of 170,000 and 70,000 were obtained in magnitude-mode Fourier spectra of 768 and 192 ms apodized transient signals acquired for a singly charged fluorinated phosphazine (m/z 1422) and a 19-fold charged myoglobin (MW 16.9 kDa), respectively. In peptide analysis, the baseline-resolved isotopic fine structures were obtained with as short as 768 ms transients. In intact protein analysis, the average resolving power of 340,000 across the baseline-resolved (13)C isotopic pattern of multiply charged ions of bovine serum albumin was obtained with 1.5 s transients. The dynamic range and the mass measurement accuracy of the 4X cell were found to be comparable to the ones obtained for the standard ICR cell on the same mass spectrometer. Overall, the reported results validate the advantages of signal detection at frequency multiples for increased throughput in FT-ICR MS, essential for numerous applications with time constraints, including proteomics.

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“…Animal studies have demonstrated that damage to the peripheral nerves and consequent activation of induced nitric oxide synthetase are important in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and the development of hyperalgesia. The analgesic effect observed in own research, induced by ELF EMF in cells after the use of the P3 programme, can be explained based on the model of ion cyclotron resonance, described by Brustkern, Graham and Leach et al [ 36 – 38 ]. According to the theory, using this model in magnetobiology, calcium ions are the main target of the electromagnetic field within cell membranes and cytosol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physiotherapeutic Reduction of Orofacial Pain Using Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field and Light-Emitting Diode Therapy—A Pilot Study

Lietz–Kijak

Ardan

2022

Pain Research and Management

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Introduction. Pain is a natural response of the body to injury and one of the symptoms defining an inflammatory reaction. It is almost always present after orthognathic surgeries (OGS), but its severity is subjective in each patient. Postoperative care of the patient is aimed at minimizing of postoperative pain relief orofacial region. Options of physiotherapy include extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) and high-energy light-emitting diode (LED). Aim of the Study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of physiotherapy combining ELF EMF and LED to reduce pain of the orofacial region in patients after OGS. Material and Methods. The study was conducted in thirty-two patients who underwent OGS to treat morphological defects. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: Physiotherapy group (PT) and Control group (CG). In both groups, patients were prescribed Paracetamol and nonsteroidal analgesics (NSAID—ibuprofen). Patients from the PT group additionally received postoperative physiotherapy immediately after leaving the surgical clinic in the form of ELF EMF and LED therapy. Physiotherapeutic treatments were performed for 10 days, three applications a day, at no cost to the patient. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), which is a reliable instrument for the measurement of pain intensity self-reported by the patient. Results. Faster reduction of pain was the major observation made in patients who received physiotherapy treatments. In all subjects, after 5 days of therapy, the pain intensity was reduced by about 50% or resolved completely. Effects of therapy were measured with the relative changes in the pain intensity score, showing what fraction of the initial pain was eliminated at the first stage and throughout the whole therapy. The analysis of relative changes instead of absolute changes allowed us, among other things, to eliminate the bias of the higher initial pain intensity in the CG group compared to the PT group. Conclusions. The conducted research revealed that the combined use of ELF EMF and LED is beneficial in the reduction of pain of patients after OGS. The analgesic effects of physiotherapy in the treatment after OGS are necessary to continue research in this area and analyze the possibility of extending the indications for its use in other surgically treated maxillofacial diseases.

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Ion behavior in an electrically compensated ion cyclotron resonance trap

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Use of an Artificial Immune System Derived Method for the Charge State Assignment of Small-Molecule Mass Spectra

Use of an Artificial Immune System Derived Method for the Charge State Assignment of Small-Molecule Mass Spectra

High-Resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry with Increased Throughput for Biomolecular Analysis

Physiotherapeutic Reduction of Orofacial Pain Using Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field and Light-Emitting Diode Therapy—A Pilot Study

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