Ion beam synthesis of diamond-like carbon thin films containing copper nanocrystals

Gerhards, I.; Ronning, Carsten; Hofsäß, H.; Seibt, M.; Gibhardt, Holger

doi:10.1063/1.1531211

Cited by 34 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The values of band gap of the films deposited with different amount of acetic acid varied between 1.98 and 2.38 eV ( Table 1). The values of E g obtained as above compares well with those obtained for films deposited by plasma CVD techniques [27][28][29][30]. It may be noted here that the energy gap of the clusters depended on the shapes and number of atoms constituting the cluster [16].…”

Section: Optical Studiessupporting

confidence: 59%

Hydrophobicity in DLC films prepared by electrodeposition technique

Paul

Dalui

Das

et al. 2008

Applied Surface Science

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Section: Optical Studiessupporting

confidence: 59%

Hydrophobicity in DLC films prepared by electrodeposition technique

Paul

Dalui

Das

et al. 2008

Applied Surface Science

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“…In comparison to previous studies by Gerhards et al [2], the low deposition energy results in a small sputtering coefficient S M . The calculation with SRIM 2006 [9,10] gives a yield for the sputtering of copper on the surface by carbon ions of S CCu = 0.164 and a yield for the sputtering copper on the surface by copper ions of S CuCu = 0.016.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Using immiscible elements, a phase separation with precipitates (clusters) of one element within the other may occur. The deposition parameters (ion energy, provided stoichiometry, temperature) strongly influence the size and distribution of such clusters [2]. A number of studies have shown that this phase separation process can also result in the formation of a self-organized multilayer structure [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-organized formation of layered carbon–copper nanocomposite films by ion deposition

Zutz

Lyzwa

Ronning

et al. 2009

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…Copper doped ta-C films were prepared by our group previously and the film composition as well as the properties of the a-C matrix were investigated using RBS, XPS, TEM and Raman spectroscopy (Gerhards et al 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical conduction of ion tracks in tetrahedral amorphous carbon: temperature, field and doping dependence and comparison with matrix data

et al. 2015

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This paper gives an extended overview of the electrical properties of ion tracks in hydrogen-free tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) with a sp 3 bond fraction of about 80%. The films were grown by mass selected ion beam deposition of 100 eV 12 C + ions. The ion tracks are generated by irradiation of ta-C films with uranium ions of 1 GeV kinetic energy. Along the ion path a conversion from diamondlike (sp 3 ) carbon to graphite-like (sp 2 ) carbon takes place. Topography and current measurements of individual ion tracks were performed by atomic force microscopy at ambient temperature. The temperature dependence of the electric conductivity was studied between 15 and 390 K by means of 0.28 mm 2 large contact pads averaging over about 10 7 tracks. For each sample and at each temperature the conductivity as a function of the applied electrical field (non-ohmic behaviour) was measured separately and the data were extrapolated to field zero. In this way, the zero-field conductivity was determined independent from the field dependence. In spite of large differences in the absolute values, the temperature dependence of the zero-field conductivities is found to be very similar in shape for all samples. The conductivities follow a T 1 4 -/ law up to temperatures slightly below room temperature.At higher temperatures a transport mechanism based on over-barrier hopping dominates with an activation energy of about 220 meV for tracks and 260 meV for the ta-C matrix. The field dependence measurements show that the deviation of the I-V characteristics from ohmic behaviour decreases with increasing zero-field conductivity. We also tested Cu-doped ta-C samples and found that they conduct significantly better than pure ta-C. However, the doping also increases the zero-field conductivity resulting in a weaker contrast between the track and matrix. The data are interpreted within the socalled 'barrier model' where the electrons are assumed to move fairly freely in well-conducting sp 2 regions but encounter barriers in track sections consisting of more sp 3 -like bonds.Earlier experimental work focussed mainly on the improvement of the track conductivity by changing experimental conditions (Zollondz et al 2006, Nix et al 2007, Krauser et al 2011, 2013. The most important parameter for high conductance is the specific energy loss of the ions. Only very heavy ions with energies of several 100 MeV create well-conducting tracks. Controlled doping of the ta-C matrix yielded also some improvement of the tracks (Nix 2010, Krauser et al 2012). The highest track conductivity (10 3 S m −1 ) measured so far was obtained in a 1 at.% Fe-doped ta-C film irradiated with C 60 cluster ions (Krauser et al 2013). Among the monoatomic projectiles 1 GeV uranium ions are the most suited particles due to their high energy loss in ta-C of dE/dx∼40 keV nm −1 . This ion beam was also used in the present study.An important aspect is the behaviour of the conducting ion tracks under an applied electrical field. In most cases (see references in the preceding ch...

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Ion beam synthesis of diamond-like carbon thin films containing copper nanocrystals

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

Hydrophobicity in DLC films prepared by electrodeposition technique

Hydrophobicity in DLC films prepared by electrodeposition technique

Self-organized formation of layered carbon–copper nanocomposite films by ion deposition

Electrical conduction of ion tracks in tetrahedral amorphous carbon: temperature, field and doping dependence and comparison with matrix data

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