Ion-beam-sputtering/mixing deposition of calcium phosphate coatings. I. Effects of ion-mixing beams

Abstract

Ion-beam-sputtering/mixing deposition was used to produce thin calcium phosphate coatings on titanium substrate from the hydroxyapatite target. The mixing beam could be either Ar(+) or N(+) ions. It was found that as-deposited coatings were amorphous. No distinct peak of the hydroxyl group was observed in FTIR spectra of the coatings, but new spectral peaks, brought about during the deposition process, were present for CO(3)(2-). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the deposited coatings had a uniform and dense structure. The calcium-to-phosphorous ratio of these coatings varied between 2.0 and 3.0. Compared with the calcium phosphate coatings produced by Ar(+) beam-mixing deposition, the calcium phosphate coatings produced by N(+) beam-mixing deposition exhibited a higher dissolution rate in the physiologic saline solution and showed a lower proliferation rate of osteoblast cells.

Surface Modification of Metallic Biomaterials for Orthopaedic Applications

“…A variety of other coating techniques, such as radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, excimer laser deposition, pulsed laser deposition, and dipping, have also been investigated for producing bioactive calcium phosphate coatings on metal substrates. Ion beam sputter deposition was studied as a potential method for producing bioactive ceramic or glass coatings on metal implants [17][18][19][20] due to its various advantages which include the production of thin coatings with high density and superior adhesion. In this process, the ionized argon gas was used to sputter atoms from a ceramic or glass target.…”

“…In a series of investigations, the ion beam sputtering/mixing deposition technique was employed to produce thin calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coatings on titanium substrate and the structure and in vitro properties of these coatings were studied [17]. In other investigations, ion beam assisted deposition techniques were used to produce calcium phosphate FGCs [18,19] and bioactive glass coatings [20].…”

Ion-sputtering deposition of Ca–P–O films for microscopic imaging of osteoblast cells

“…The reasons for wide general variation in the Ca-P ratio may be associated with: (i) the volatile nature of phosphorus, (ii) different calcium and phosphorus sputter ejection probabilities and (iii) weak phosphorus ion bonding to the growing film [16,17].…”

A physical vapor deposition method for controlled evaluation of biological response to biomaterial chemistry and topography

“…It is important to note that Ti was selected as the coating material for this study because of its resistance to degradation in a physiologic environment 40, 51, 52. Other investigators have coated implant surfaces with thin films of CaP by sputtering techniques 53–57. However, in this context, the degradation of these thin CaP coatings with subsequent change in morphology upon exposure to physiologic fluids or media mitigates their utility as an effective coating for long term morphological controls.…”