IOM‐Recommended Changes in WIC Food Packages: Responses by WIC Participants

Abstract

Objectives: To examine how WIC participants use the current food packages and their response to potential changes proposed by the Institute of Medicine. Methods: Data were collected through individual interviews and focus groups in 5 diverse counties in Maryland. The sample included 187 white, African American, and Hispanic WIC participants. Results: One‐third (34%) were food insecure (FI). Almost all caregivers drank 100% fruit juice and gave it to their children. Most caregivers and children ate fresh fruits and vegetables (FV), 25% ate frozen FV, and fewer than 15% ate canned FV. Bean consumption varied by ethnicity. Few English‐speakers ate beans and they did not want canned beans to substitute for peanut butter. Spanish‐speakers ate beans frequently. No caregivers had ever consumed or prepared tofu and were not interested. Caregivers did not like the taste of reduced‐fat products, “I want all the fat in my food.” Caregivers recommended that WIC increase the variety of cereals and provide wheat thins, butter, meat, tuna, ice cream, and popsicles (for teething babies). FV consumption did not differ by food security; FI caregivers reported a higher increase of FV intake if WIC provided fresh FV than did food secure caregivers, p<.05. Conclusion: Caregivers consume FV and prefer fresh products. Acceptance of reduced‐fat products, beans, and tofu may require ethnically‐sensitive education.