IODP Advances in the Understanding of Subseafloor Life

D'Hondt, S.; Inagaki, Fumio; Orcutt, Beth N.; Hinrichs, Kai‐Uwe

doi:10.5670/oceanog.2019.146

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…While the abundance and diversity of microorganisms in the subseafloor have been explored for decades via scientific drilling programs ( 10 ), slow growth and often low biomass present challenges for demonstrating microbial activity under environmentally relevant conditions. Microbial activity via uptake of labeled substrates has been successfully observed in sedimentary ( 11 – 13 ) and diffuse flow hydrothermal vent fluids ( 14 – 16 ) using stable isotope probing (SIP) incubations coupled to single-cell measurements with nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), providing constraints on the potential microbial contribution to primary production and organotrophy in these habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple carbon incorporation strategies support microbial survival in cold subseafloor crustal fluids

et al. 2021

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Biogeochemical processes occurring in fluids that permeate oceanic crust make measurable contributions to the marine carbon cycle, but quantitative assessments of microbial impacts on this vast, subsurface carbon pool are lacking. We provide bulk and single-cell estimates of microbial biomass production from carbon and nitrogen substrates in cool, oxic basement fluids from the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The wide range in carbon and nitrogen incorporation rates indicates a microbial community well poised for dynamic conditions, potentially anabolizing carbon and nitrogen at rates ranging from those observed in subsurface sediments to those found in on-axis hydrothermal vent environments. Bicarbonate incorporation rates were highest where fluids are most isolated from recharging bottom seawater, suggesting that anabolism of inorganic carbon may be a potential strategy for supplementing the ancient and recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon that is prevalent in the globally distributed subseafloor crustal environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple carbon incorporation strategies support microbial survival in cold subseafloor crustal fluids

et al. 2021

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“…One of the four themes of the decadal International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) is to investigate the marine deep biosphere – the vast habitat for life below the seafloor – through scientific ocean drilling (IODP, 2011; D'Hondt et al ., 2019b). While there have been major advances in understanding the abundance, diversity and patterns of microbial life in the sedimentary marine deep biosphere in the past decade (Edgcomb et al ., 2011; Kallmeyer et al ., 2012; Orsi et al ., 2013; Inagaki et al ., 2015; Wörmer et al ., 2019; D'Hondt et al ., 2019a), similar knowledge from the deep biosphere within oceanic lithospheric crust has lagged behind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbe‐mineral biogeography from multi‐year incubations in oceanic crust at North Pond, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge

Orcutt

D’Angelo

Wheat

et al. 2021

Environmental Microbiology

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Subseafloor oceanic crust is a vast yet poorly sampled habitat for life. Recent studies suggest that microbial composition in crustal habitats is variable in space and time, but biogeographic patterns are difficult to determine due to a paucity of data. To address this, we deployed hundreds of mineral colonization experiments at and below the seafloor for 4-6 years at North Pond, a borehole observatory network in cool (<10 C) and oxic oceanic crust on the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The overall community composition of mineral incubations reveals that colonization patterns are site dependent, with no correlation to mineral type. Only a few members of the Thioalkalispiraceae and Thioprofundaceae exhibited a mineral preference pattern, with generally higher abundance on metal sulphides compared to silicates, while taxa of the Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria were common in the colonization experiments. In comparison to datasets from other crustal habitats, broader biogeographic patterns of crustal communities emerge based on crustal habitat type (surface-attached communities versus fluid communities), redox environment and possibly crustal age. These comparisons suggest successional biogeography patterning that might be used as an indicator of how recently permeable pathways were established within oceanic crust.

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“…These communities' capabilities also help us understand the energetic and metabolic boundaries of life. Work over the past decades has revealed much information about sedimentary microbial communities: their overall composition (Bacteria and Archaea), the sequence of terminal respiration processes occurring with progressive burial depth in sediments, and the depth to which they can be detected; research on the members and metabolism in the "deep biosphere" has assumed a central position in organic geochemistry, environmental microbiology, and molecular ecology (Orcutt et al, 2013;D'Hondt et al, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Enduring Questions: What's for Dinner? Where's My Knife? …and Can I Use My Fingers? (Unanswered) Questions Related to Organic Matter and Microbes in Marine Sediments

et al. 2019

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IODP Advances in the Understanding of Subseafloor Life

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

Multiple carbon incorporation strategies support microbial survival in cold subseafloor crustal fluids

Multiple carbon incorporation strategies support microbial survival in cold subseafloor crustal fluids

Microbe‐mineral biogeography from multi‐year incubations in oceanic crust at North Pond, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge

The Enduring Questions: What's for Dinner? Where's My Knife? …and Can I Use My Fingers? (Unanswered) Questions Related to Organic Matter and Microbes in Marine Sediments

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