Iodine toxicity from soy milk and seaweed ingestion is associated with serious thyroid dysfunction

Crawford, B.; Cowell, Christopher T.; Emder, Phillip; Learoyd, Diana; Chua, Elizabeth L.; Sinn, John; Jack, Michelle

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03972.x

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…I is an essential micromineral involved in the synthesis of the thyroid hormones. However, exposure to high levels can cause thyroid dysfunctions with symptoms similar to those associated with I deficiency (Crawford et al 2010;Leung and Braverman 2014), as well as increased cancer risks in postmenopausal women (Michikawa et al 2012). The I level of A. esculenta was moderate and below the maximum level of 2000 mg kg -1 DW as reported in the literature (Maehre et al 2014;Teas et al 2004).…”

Section: Health Risk Estimationmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…However, sensitive groups (e.g. I-deficient people, individuals with pre-existing thyroid disorders, elderly people, foetuses and neonates) may develop thyroid complications including hypo-and hyperthyroidism (Dawczynski et al 2007b;Zava and Zava 2011;Leung and Braverman 2014;Crawford et al 2010). Several studies reported increase of serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) following a long-term daily ingestion of kombu (Saccharina japonica) or kombu supplement, which resulted in the suppression of the thyroid function (Miyai et al 2008;Inui et al 2010).…”

Section: Health Risk Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass soaking treatments to reduce potentially undesirable compounds in the edible seaweeds sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) and health risk estimation for human consumption

Stévant

Marfaing

Duinker³

et al. 2017

J Appl Phycol

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Biomass soaking treatments to reduce potentially undesirable compounds in the edible seaweeds sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) and health risk estimation for human consumption-Manuscript Draft-Manuscript Number: Full Title: Biomass soaking treatments to reduce potentially undesirable compounds in the edible seaweeds sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) and health risk estimation for human consumption Article Type: Original Research

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Section: Health Risk Estimationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Health Risk Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass soaking treatments to reduce potentially undesirable compounds in the edible seaweeds sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) and health risk estimation for human consumption

Stévant

Marfaing

Duinker³

et al. 2017

J Appl Phycol

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“…The review produced 95 papers reporting adverse effects associated with the consumption of Glycine max ; among these, only a few (4) documented an interaction with nutrients or drugs. In particular, a decreased absorption of levothyroxine was attributed to the use of a food supplement containing soybean proteins , while ingestion of soy ‘milk’ and seaweed was associated with serious thyroid dysfunction . Moreover, foods containing soybean and its isoflavones were responsible for bleeding when combined with estradiol .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of plant food supplements and botanical preparations: a systematic review with critical evaluation of causality

Lorenzo

Ceschi

Kupferschmidt

et al. 2015

Brit J Clinical Pharma

116

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AIMSThe objective of this review was to collect available data on the following: (i) adverse effects observed in humans from the intake of plant food supplements or botanical preparations; (ii) the misidentification of poisonous plants; and (iii) interactions between plant food supplements/botanicals and conventional drugs or nutrients. METHODSPubMed/MEDLINE and Embase were searched from database inception to June 2014, using the terms 'adverse effect/s', 'poisoning/s', 'plant food supplement/s', 'misidentification/s' and 'interaction/s' in combination with the relevant plant name. All papers were critically evaluated according to the World Health Organization Guidelines for causality assessment. RESULTSData were obtained for 66 plants that are common ingredients of plant food supplements; of the 492 papers selected, 402 (81.7%) dealt with adverse effects directly associated with the botanical and 89 (18.1%) concerned interactions with conventional drugs. Only one case was associated with misidentification. Adverse effects were reported for 39 of the 66 botanical substances searched. Of the total references, 86.6% were associated with 14 plants, including Glycine max/soybean (19.3%), Glycyrrhiza glabra/liquorice (12.2%), Camellia sinensis/green tea ( 8.7%) and Ginkgo biloba/gingko (8.5%). CONCLUSIONSConsidering the length of time examined and the number of plants included in the review, it is remarkable that: (i) the adverse effects due to botanical ingredients were relatively infrequent, if assessed for causality; and (ii) the number of severe clinical reactions was very limited, but some fatal cases have been described. Data presented in this review were assessed for quality in order to make the results maximally useful for clinicians in identifying or excluding deleterious effects of botanicals.

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“…One report described the diagnosis of thyroid storm in a 39-year-old German woman with underlying thyromegaly following 4 weeks of drinking a kelp-containing tea [50]. In Australia, thyrotoxicosis was reported in eight adults associated with drinking soy milk manufactured with Kombu seaweed [51]. …”

Section: Seaweed Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction

Leung

Braverman

2012

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

137

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Purpose of review To summarize the mechanisms of iodine-induced hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, identify the risk factors for thyroid dysfunction following an iodine load, and summarize the major sources of excess iodine exposure. Recent findings Excess iodine is generally well tolerated, but individuals with underlying thyroid disease or other risk factors may be susceptible to iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction following acute or chronic exposure. Sources of increased iodine exposure include the global public health efforts of iodine supplementation, the escalating use of iodinated contrast radiologic studies, amiodarone administration in vulnerable patients, excess seaweed consumption, and various miscellaneous sources. Summary Iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction may be subclinical or overt. Recognition of the association between iodine excess and iodine-induced hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism is important in the differential diagnosis of patients who present without a known cause of thyroid dysfunction.

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Iodine toxicity from soy milk and seaweed ingestion is associated with serious thyroid dysfunction

Cited by 36 publications

References 7 publications

Biomass soaking treatments to reduce potentially undesirable compounds in the edible seaweeds sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) and health risk estimation for human consumption

Biomass soaking treatments to reduce potentially undesirable compounds in the edible seaweeds sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) and health risk estimation for human consumption

Adverse effects of plant food supplements and botanical preparations: a systematic review with critical evaluation of causality

Iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction

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