Iodine status remains critical in mother and infant in Central Anatolia (Kayseri) of Turkey

Kurtoğlu, Selim; Akçakuş, Mustafa; Kocaoğlu, Çelebi; Güneş, Tamer; Budak, Nurten; Atabek, Mehmet Emre; Karaküçük, İnci; Delange, François

doi:10.1007/s00394-004-0474-2

Cited by 48 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This may help explain why, in areas where there is an ID, BMIC is often greater than expected based on the UI concentration of lactating mothers 55,56 . The BMIC is strongly influenced by the mothers' iodine intake 58 .…”

Section: Iodine Intakes During Lactation and Urinary Iodine And Breasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most infants begin weaning by the second half of the first year of life, and some of the iodine requirement during that period will be met from weaning foods. Semba and Delange 58 proposed that a potential indicator of iodine status in a population could be the proportion of lactating women whose BMIC is $100 mg l 21 . Table 5 shows the BMICs of women living in areas where people are iodine sufficient or have mild-tosevere ID.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of iodised salt or iodine supplements on iodine status during pregnancy, lactation and infancy

Zimmermann

2007

Public Health Nutr.

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Objectives: Monitoring of iodine status during pregnancy, lactation and infancy is difficult as there are no established reference criteria for urinary iodine concentration (UI) for these groups; so it is uncertain whether iodized salt programs meet the needs of these life stages. Design and Subjects: The method used in this paper was: 1) to estimate the median UI concentration that reflects adequate iodine intake during these life stages; and 2) to use these estimates in a review of the literature to assess whether salt iodisation can control iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women, and their infants. Results: For pregnancy, recommended mean daily iodine intakes of 220-250 mg were estimated to correspond to a median UI concentration of about 150 mg l 21 , and larger surveys from the iodine sufficient countries have reported a median UI in pregnant women $ 140 mg l 21 . Iodine supplementation in pregnant women who are mild-tomoderately iodine deficient is beneficial, but there is no clear affect on maternal or newborn thyroid hormone levels. In countries where the iodine intake is sufficient, most mothers have median breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) greater than the concentration (100-120 mg l 21 ) required to meet an infant's needs. The median UI concentration during infancy that indicates optimal iodine nutrition is estimated to be $ 100 mg l 21 . In iodine-sufficient countries, the median UI concentration in infants ranges from 90-170 mg l 21 , suggesting adequate iodine intake in infancy. Conclusions: These findings suggest pregnant and lactating women and their infants in countries with successful sustained iodised salt programs have adequate iodine status.

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Section: Iodine Intakes During Lactation and Urinary Iodine And Breasmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of iodised salt or iodine supplements on iodine status during pregnancy, lactation and infancy

Zimmermann

2007

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Chanoine et al [11] found this to be 0.83 ml, Böhles et al [35] reported 0.76 ml in breastfed infants, Köksal et al [36] reported 0.82 ml and, in the study carried out by our institute in Kayseri and its districts among 70 mothers and newborns, the value was 0.79 ml [27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If, however, the average urine iodine value is between 5 and 9.9 μg/dl there is mild iodine deficiency. Values between 2 and 4.9 μg/dl constitute moderate deficiency, and values below 2 μg/dl represent severe iodine deficiency [15,27,28]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comparison of Thyroxine versus Thyroxine plus Oral Iodine in the Treatment of Congenital Hypothyroidism due to Iodine Deficiency

Kurtoğlu

Köroğlu²,

Baştuğ³

et al. 2014

Horm Res Paediatr

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Aim: Iodine deficiency is one of the most important causes of congenital hypothyroidism. In addition to thyroid hormone replacement, iodine supplementation is also given to newborns with congenital hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency. We aimed to determine whether it is beneficial to administer iodine supplementation in addition to the L-thyroxine (L-T₄) treatment of newborns with congenital hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency. Materials and Methods: Of 51 newborns, 26 who were diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency were treated with L-T₄. The remaining 25 cases were given L-T₄ plus 100 μg/day of oral iodine. Free triiodothyronine (fT₃), free thyroxine (fT₄), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid volume, urine iodine and breast milk iodine levels were measured in the first and third months of treatment, and the data were compared between the two groups. Results: First- and third-month values of fT₃, fT₄, TSH, TG and thyroid volume for both groups were statistically similar. There was no significant difference between the two groups in respect to falling levels of fT₃ and TSH, the rate of increase of fT₄ levels or the shrinkage rate of thyroid volume. Conclusion: In this study, the addition of oral iodine to L-T₄ treatment provided no benefit compared to treatment with L-T₄ alone.

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“…Turkey has been long known as an area of mild to moderate iodine deficiency according to the figures obtained from previous epidemiological studies (Table 4). Kurtoglu et al [25] reported that in Central Anatolia (Kayseri) of Turkey, the mean thyroid volume of term newborns was 1.26 mL (SD ±0.36). After the national salt iodisation program, the same region of Kayseri reported that the mean thyroid volume was reduced to 0.99 mL (SD ±0.79).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Measurements of Thyroid Gland Volume at 36 Weeks’ Corrected Gestational Age in Extremely Preterm Infants Born before 28 Weeks’ Gestation

Turner

Avula

2017

Eur Thyroid J

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Background: Thyroid ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging tool and provides good evaluation of thyroid anatomy, location, vascularisation, and echogenicity. The aim of this study was to assess thyroid function and thyroid volume in extremely preterm infants born before 28 weeks’ gestation evaluated at 36 weeks’ corrected gestational age (CGA) compared to term infants’ normative data in the literature. Design: In this largest prospective UK study of extremely premature infants born at less than 28 weeks’ gestation, thyroid volume measurement was assessed at 36 weeks’ CGA. Fifty-five extremely preterm infants (28 males) who were born before 28 weeks’ gestation were recruited to the study. All infants had ultrasound assessment of the thyroid gland at 36 weeks’ CGA. We also prospectively measured thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT₄) in all infants at the time of recruitment (within 5 days of birth), at days 14, 21, and 28, and at 36 weeks’ CGA. Results: The mean thyroid volume was measured at 0.57 mL (SD ±0.18). There was no association between mean thyroid volume and thyroid function (TSH or FT₄). No associations were found between mean thyroid volume and gestation or birth weight in these infants. Conclusions: Our findings provide a reference range with a mean thyroid volume of 0.57 mL (SD ±0.18) in this extremely preterm age group if less than 28 weeks’ gestation. Thyroid volume at birth can vary from country to country due to variations in iodine intake as well as gestational age.

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Iodine status remains critical in mother and infant in Central Anatolia (Kayseri) of Turkey

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

The impact of iodised salt or iodine supplements on iodine status during pregnancy, lactation and infancy

The impact of iodised salt or iodine supplements on iodine status during pregnancy, lactation and infancy

The Comparison of Thyroxine versus Thyroxine plus Oral Iodine in the Treatment of Congenital Hypothyroidism due to Iodine Deficiency

Ultrasound Measurements of Thyroid Gland Volume at 36 Weeks’ Corrected Gestational Age in Extremely Preterm Infants Born before 28 Weeks’ Gestation

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