Iodine Nutrition in Breast-Fed Infants Is Impaired by Maternal Smoking

Laurberg, Peter; Nøhr, Susanne Backman; Pedersen, K. M.; Fuglsang, Ebbe

doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030829

Cited by 152 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…During lactation, smoking mothers transfer less iodine through milk (Lauberg et al 2004). In our study, S dams did not show serum thyroid hormone alterations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

Santos-Silva

Oliveira²,

Pinheiro³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to tobacco smoke is related to changes in energy balance regulation and several endocrine dysfunctions. Previously, we showed that maternal nicotine (the main addictive compound of tobacco) exposure exclusively during lactation affects biochemical profiles in mothers, milk, and pups. As the possible consequences for mothers and offspring of maternal smoking during lactation are still unknown, we evaluated the effects of tobacco smoke exposure on nutritional, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in dams and pups at weaning. After 72 h from birth, lactating rats were divided into two groups: smoke-exposed (S) in a cigarette-smoking machine, 4!1 h per day throughout the lactation period without pups; control (C), rats were treated the same as the experimental group but exposed to filtered air. Dams and pups were killed at weaning (21 days of lactation). Body weight and food intake were evaluated. Milk, blood, visceral fat, adrenal, and carcass were collected. S dams showed hyperprolactinemia (C50%), hypoinsulinemia (K40%), hypoleptinemia (K46%), as well as lower triglycerides (K53%) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (K50%). Milk of S dams had higher lactose (C52%) and triglycerides (C78%). S pups presented higher body protein (C17%), lower total (K24%) and subcutaneous fat contents (K25%), hypoglycemia (K11%), hyperinsulinemia (C28%), hypocorticosteronemia (K40%), lower adrenal catecholamine content (K40%), hypertriglyceridemia (C34%), higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (C16%), and lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (K45%). In conclusion, tobacco smoke exposure leads to changes in nutritional, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in dams and, passively through the milk, may promote several important metabolic disorders in the progeny.

show abstract

“…During lactation, smoking mothers transfer less iodine through milk (Lauberg et al 2004). In our study, S dams did not show serum thyroid hormone alterations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

Santos-Silva

Oliveira²,

Pinheiro³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Smoking may worsen iodine deficiency by thiocyanate inhibition of the sodium-iodide-symporter (25), and pregnancy increases iodide demands for thyroid hormone production (26). Alcohol intake and use of oral contraceptives affected goiter prevalence without interaction with iodine intake.…”

Section: Environment and Goitermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Danish investigation on iodine intake and thyroid disease, DanThyr: status and perspectives

et al. 2006

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Denmark was an area of iodine deficiency, and mandatory iodine fortification of table salt and salt in bread (13 p.p.m. iodine) was initiated in 2000/2001. The Danish investigation on iodine intake and thyroid disease (DanThyr) is the monitoring of the iodine fortification program. Design and methods: DanThyr consists of three main parts: a study of population cohorts initialized before (nZ4649) and after (nZ3570) iodization of salt, a prospective identification of incident cases of overt hyper-and hypothyroidism in a population of around 550 000 people since 1997, and compilation of data from the national registers on the use of thyroid medication, thyroid surgery, and radioiodine therapy. Studies were carried-out in parallel in subcohorts living in areas with differences in iodine content of ground water. Results: The study showed profound effects of even small differences in iodine intake level on the prevalence of goiter, nodules, and thyroid dysfunction. Mild and moderate iodine deficiency was associated with a decrease in serum TSH with age. Other environmental factors were also important for goiter development (increase in risk, smoking and pregnancy; decrease in risk, oral contraception and alcohol consumption), and the individual risk depended on the genetic background. Environmental factors had only a minor influence on the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in the population. There were more cases of overt hypothyroidism in mild than in moderate iodine deficiency caused by a 53% higher incidence of spontaneous (presumably autoimmune) hypothyroidism. On the other hand, there were 49% more cases of overt hyperthyroidism in the area with moderate iodine deficiency. The cautious iodine fortification program, aiming at an average increase in iodine intake of 50 mg/day has been associated with a 50% increase in incidence of hyperthyroidism in the area with the most severe iodine deficiency. The incidence is expected to decrease in the future, but there may be more cases of Graves' hyperthyroidism in young people. Conclusion: A number of environmental factors influence the epidemiology of thyroid disorders, and even relatively small abnormalities and differences in the level of iodine intake of a population have profound effects on the occurrence of thyroid abnormalities. Monitoring and adjustment of iodine intake in the population is an important part of preventive medicine.European Journal of Endocrinology 155 219-228

show abstract

“…58,124,125 Studies of restaurants and bars that compared income before and after a ban have shown no adverse effect on the economics of the hospitality industry. 126 Enforcement of smoke-free policies in public space typically is not an issue after a break-in period. 1 Mass-media campaigns and comprehensive community interventions contribute to the overall social unacceptability of SHS exposure of children.…”

Section: Public Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondhand and Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Best¹

2009

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure of children and their families causes significant morbidity and mortality. In their personal and professional roles, pediatricians have many opportunities to advocate for elimination of SHS exposure of children, to counsel tobacco users to quit, and to counsel children never to start. This report discusses the harms of tobacco use and SHS exposure, the extent and costs of tobacco use and SHS exposure, and the evidence that supports counseling and other clinical interventions in the cycle of tobacco use. Recommendations for future research, policy, and clinical practice change are discussed. To improve understanding and provide support for these activities, the harms of SHS exposure are discussed, effective ways to eliminate or reduce SHS exposure are presented, and policies that support a smoke-free environment are outlined.

show abstract

Iodine Nutrition in Breast-Fed Infants Is Impaired by Maternal Smoking

Cited by 152 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

The Danish investigation on iodine intake and thyroid disease, DanThyr: status and perspectives

Secondhand and Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About