Iodine intake in Portuguese pregnant women: results of a countrywide study

Limbert, Edward; Prazeres, Susana; Pedro, Márcia São; Madureira, Deolinda; Miranda, Ana; Ribeiro, Manuel; Castro, João Jácome de; Carrilho, Francisco; Oliveira, Maria João; Reguengo, Henrique; Borges, Fátima; ., .

doi:10.1530/eje-10-0449

Cited by 49 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the islands of Açores and Madeira values were even lower than those obtained in the hinterland continental Portugal [31].…”

Section: Portuguese Situationcontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…Studies in Portugal on pregnant women point out to a generalized insufficient iodine intake all over the country [30,31] with differences from pregnant women by the sea and the hinterland, being the reduced fish consumption and the lower socioeconomic status the justification for those differences. However, the islands of Açores and Madeira values were even lower than those obtained in the hinterland continental Portugal [31].…”

Section: Portuguese Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of iodine importance and needs for supplementation in school-aged children in Portugal

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Micronutrients are essential for child proper growth and development. Nutritional deficiencies of these elements have increasingly been a concern in Europe, as they are often related to the cognitive potential and physical lifelong consequences. However, being an essential trace element for thyroid function, iodine intake in the desired quantities becomes also very important for neurodevelopment, including for school-aged children. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to highlight the need for wider dissemination of the physiological importance of iodine among health professionals and the general population as well as the knowledge of iodine needs and possible supplementation within families with school-aged children. Methods: The present study is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional evaluation of knowledge and perceptions of iodine physiological importance. An evaluation survey has been carried out based on knowledge of iodine needs and possible supplementation within families with school-aged children. It has been target at mothers with school-age children under 18 years old with residence in Portugal. Data are represented as frequency and percentages and association between variables was measured. Results: The internet survey has been answered by around 691 mothers, corresponding to 811 children data validated; 47% (n = 381) girls and 53% (n = 430) boys. Mother's knowledge about iodine and the importance for the improvement of learning capacity is not independent of having health study/work area (χ 2 at the 0.05 level). Nevertheless, it can be observed a slight association between mothers who agree with iodine supplementation and those who effectively supplement their child (χ 2 9.315; Φ 0.116). Although use of iodized kitchen salt certainly changes the balance from sub-optimal to adequate iodine nutrition, only 8.8% (n = 61) reported using iodized salt. However, 87.6% (n = 605) assumed salt iodization importance without information. Conclusions: We believe that the findings of this survey have great public health importance for Portugal. While many countries have mandatory iodizes salt programmes, in Portugal iodine supplementation is not a current practice. Therefore, we suggest an urgent evaluation of iodine in Portugal, namely for school-aged children, where iodine deficiencies are critical, as well as a systematic information dissemination as a form of publicizing iodine supplementation needs.

show abstract

“…However, the islands of Açores and Madeira values were even lower than those obtained in the hinterland continental Portugal [31].…”

Section: Portuguese Situationcontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Portuguese Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of iodine importance and needs for supplementation in school-aged children in Portugal

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…are iodine prophylaxis programs to promote the consumption of iodized salt [15][16][17][18]. The World Health Organization (WHO) [19], United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) [20] and the International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) Global Network [21] have endorsed the policy of iodine supplementation in pregnant and breast-feeding women.…”

Section: Daily Dietary Iodine Intake Assessed By Ffqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational changes of thyroid function and urinary iodine in thyroid antibody-negative Japanese women

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, iodine deficiency has been demonstrated to exist even in coastal communities on the Portuguese Atlantic islands of Madeira and the Azores (Limbert et al 2010) with median UI values being lower than on the Portuguese mainland. These islands support very little seaweed growth (Limbert, Private Communication).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does iodine gas released from seaweed contribute to dietary iodine intake?

Smyth

Burns

Huang

et al. 2011

Environ Geochem Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thyroid hormone levels sufficient for brain development and normal metabolism require a minimal supply of iodine, mainly dietary. Living near the sea may confer advantages for iodine intake. Iodine (I(2)) gas released from seaweeds may, through respiration, supply a significant fraction of daily iodine requirements. Gaseous iodine released over seaweed beds was measured by a new gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based method and iodine intake assessed by measuring urinary iodine (UI) excretion. Urine samples were obtained from female schoolchildren living in coastal seaweed rich and low seaweed abundance and inland areas of Ireland. Median I(2) ranged 154-905 pg/L (daytime downwind), with higher values (~1,287 pg/L) on still nights, 1,145-3,132 pg/L (over seaweed). A rough estimate of daily gaseous iodine intake in coastal areas, based upon an arbitrary respiration of 10,000L, ranged from 1 to 20 μg/day. Despite this relatively low potential I(2) intake, UI in populations living near a seaweed hotspot were much higher than in lower abundance seaweed coastal or inland areas (158, 71 and 58 μg/L, respectively). Higher values >150 μg/L were observed in 45.6% of (seaweed rich), 3.6% (lower seaweed), 2.3% (inland)) supporting the hypothesis that iodine intake in coastal regions may be dependent on seaweed abundance rather than proximity to the sea. The findings do not exclude the possibility of a significant role for iodine inhalation in influencing iodine status. Despite lacking iodized salt, coastal communities in seaweed-rich areas can maintain an adequate iodine supply. This observation brings new meaning to the expression "Sea air is good for you!"

show abstract

Iodine intake in Portuguese pregnant women: results of a countrywide study

Cited by 49 publications

References 43 publications

Assessment of iodine importance and needs for supplementation in school-aged children in Portugal

Assessment of iodine importance and needs for supplementation in school-aged children in Portugal

Gestational changes of thyroid function and urinary iodine in thyroid antibody-negative Japanese women

Does iodine gas released from seaweed contribute to dietary iodine intake?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About