Iodine Deficiency Is Higher in Morbid Obesity in Comparison with Late After Bariatric Surgery and Non-obese Women

Lecube, Albert; Zafón, Carles; Gromaz, Adoración; Fort, José Manuel; Caubet, Enric; Baena, J. D.; Tortosa, Frederic

doi:10.1007/s11695-014-1313-z

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Milk iodine concentrations were not associated with maternal pre-pregnancy weight status in our cohort. While literature on adult obesity has described iodine deficiency as associated with elevated BMI, we did not find similar findings related to BMI as a marker of iodine status [26][27][28][29]. Limited literature on BMIC during lactation has focused on the maternal health influences on milk iodine concentration [26,27,29].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…While literature on adult obesity has described iodine deficiency as associated with elevated BMI, we did not find similar findings related to BMI as a marker of iodine status [26][27][28][29]. Limited literature on BMIC during lactation has focused on the maternal health influences on milk iodine concentration [26,27,29]. A study by Dumrongwongsiri, in Thailand, showed an association of BMIC with maternal weight; however, there was no association with maternal age or lactation stage [41].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

“…In pregnant and non-pregnant women, body mass index (BMI) has been negatively associated with urinary iodine concentration, which is measured as an indicator of iodine status [26][27][28]. Iodine deficiency has also been reported to be higher in those with morbid obesity [29]. The evaluation of BMIC in the establishment of obesity during pregnancy and lactation has not been well studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast Milk Iodine Concentration Is Associated with Infant Growth, Independent of Maternal Weight

et al. 2020

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In breastfed infants, human milk provides the primary source of iodine to meet demands during this vulnerable period of growth and development. Iodine is a key micronutrient that plays an essential role in hormone synthesis. Despite the importance of iodine, there is limited understanding of the maternal factors that influence milk iodine content and how milk iodine intake during infancy is related to postnatal growth. We examined breast milk samples from near 2 weeks and 2 months post-partum in a mother-infant dyad cohort of mothers with pre-pregnancy weight status defined by body mass index (BMI). Normal (NW, BMI < 25.0 kg/m2) is compared to overweight/obesity (OW/OB, BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). The milk iodine concentration was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We evaluated the associations between iodine content at 2 weeks and infant anthropometrics over the first year of life using multivariable linear mixed modeling. Iodine concentrations generally decreased from 2 weeks to 2 months. We observed no significant difference in iodine based on maternal weight. A higher iodine concentration at 2 weeks was associated with a larger increase in infant weight-for-age and weight-for-length Z-score change per month from 2 weeks to 1 year. This pilot study shows that early iodine intake may influence infant growth trajectory independent of maternal pre-pregnancy weight status.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast Milk Iodine Concentration Is Associated with Infant Growth, Independent of Maternal Weight

et al. 2020

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“…These data indicate that 54.4% of obese women had an iodine deficiency. The percentage of iodine-deficient women increased with BMI [ 8 ] (LOE IV). The study indicated that obesity is a risk factor for iodine deficiency [ 8 ], and that iodine absorption may be disturbed by the increased fat intake in obese women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, studies of obesity and Fe have presented contradictory results. Trials on excess body mass and Ca levels remain inconclusive, while the number of studies on excess body mass, Se, and iodine has been quite limited to date [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Minerals—particularly Fe, Ca, and Mg, but also Zn, Cu, Se, and iodine—play an essential role in a range of metabolic processes and in the body’s energy balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Excess Body Mass and Disturbances in Somatic Mineral Levels

Banach

Nitschke

Krajewska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Background: Obesity and excess body weight are significant epidemiological issues, not only because they are costly to treat, but also because they are among the leading causes of death worldwide. In 2016, an estimated 40% of the global population was overweight, reflecting the importance of the issue. Obesity is linked to metabolism malfunction and concomitantly with altered mineral levels in the body. In this paper, we review alterations in somatic levels of iron, calcium, magnesium, copper, iodine, chromium, selenium, and zinc in relation to excess body mass. Methodology: An electronic literature search was performed using PubMed. Our search covered original English research articles published over the past five years, culminating in 63 papers included for study. Results: The reviewed papers presented correlation between obesity and hypomagnesemia and hypozincemia. They also indicated that patients with excess body mass present increased body copper levels. Studies have similarly indicated that obesity appears to be associated with lower selenium levels in both blood and urine, which may be correlated with the decline and weakening of defenses against oxidative stress. It has been found that decreased level of chromium is connected with metabolic syndrome. Chromium supplementation influences body mass, but the effect of the supplementation depends on the chemical form of the chromium. It is hypothesized that obesity poses a risk of iodine deficiency and iodine absorption may be disrupted by increased fat intake in obese women. A range of studies have suggested that obesity is correlated with iron deficiency. On the other hand, some reports have indicated that excess body mass may coexist with iron excess. The relation between obesity and body iron level requires further investigation. Calcium signaling seems to be disturbed in obesity, due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species and low level of fast troponin isoform responsible for mediating calcium sensitivity of muscle relaxation. Correlation between excess body mass and calcium levels needs further research. Conclusions: Excess body mass is associated with alterations in mineral levels in the body, in particular hypomagnesemia and decreased selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) levels. Chromium (Cr) deficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome. Obese patients are at risk of iodine deficiency. Excess body mass is associated with elevated levels of copper (Cu). Data on the association between obesity and iron (Fe) levels are contradictory. Obesity coexists with disturbed calcium (Ca) signaling pathways. The association between obesity and body Ca levels has not been investigated in detail.

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Thyroid cancers potentially preventable by reducing overweight and obesity in Australia: A pooled cohort study

Laaksonen

MacInnis

Canfell

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Thyroid cancer incidence and the prevalence of overweight and obesity are increasing, but the future thyroid cancer burden attributable to contemporary levels of overweight and obesity has not been evaluated before. We quantified this burden in Australia, and assessed whether the overweight/obesity‐attributable burden differed by sex or other population subgroupings. We estimated the strength of the associations of overweight and obesity with thyroid cancer with adjusted proportional hazards models using pooled data from seven Australian cohorts (N = 367 058) with 431 thyroid cancer cases ascertained from linked national cancer registry data during a maximum 22‐year follow‐up. We combined these estimates with nationally representative 2017 to 2018 estimates of overweight and obesity prevalence to estimate population attributable fractions (PAFs) of future thyroid cancers attributable to overweight and obesity, accounting for competing risk of death, and compared PAFs for population subgroups. Contemporary levels of overweight and obesity explain 18.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.2%‐30.2%), and obesity alone 13.7% (95% CI: 5.2%‐21.4%), of the future thyroid cancer burden. The obesity‐attributable thyroid cancer burden is 21.4% (95% CI: 2.8%‐36.5%) for men and 10.1% (95% CI: 0.8%‐18.6%) for women. Were the currently obese overweight instead, 9.9% (95% CI: 1.0%‐18.1%) of thyroid cancers could be avoided. The relative overweight/obesity‐attributable burden is higher for those consuming on average more than two alcoholic drinks per day (63.4%) and for those who are not married/co‐habiting (33.2%). In conclusion, avoiding excess weight, especially obesity, should be a priority for thyroid cancer prevention. Further studies, with findings stratified by tumour size, may reveal the potential role of overdiagnosis in our results.

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Iodine Deficiency Is Higher in Morbid Obesity in Comparison with Late After Bariatric Surgery and Non-obese Women

Abstract: Obesity is an independent risk factor to iodine deficiency, almost in women. Whether more obese population needs to be considered as a vulnerable group and whether bariatric surgery can reverse iodine deficiency still remain to be elucidated.

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Breast Milk Iodine Concentration Is Associated with Infant Growth, Independent of Maternal Weight

Breast Milk Iodine Concentration Is Associated with Infant Growth, Independent of Maternal Weight

The Association between Excess Body Mass and Disturbances in Somatic Mineral Levels

Thyroid cancers potentially preventable by reducing overweight and obesity in Australia: A pooled cohort study

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