Involving users in the refinement of the competency-based achievement system: An innovative approach to competency-based assessment

Ross, Shelley; Poth, Cheryl; Donoff, Michel; Papile, Chiara; Humphries, Paul; Stasiuk, Samantha; Georgis, Rebecca

doi:10.3109/0142159x.2012.644828

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For those parasites with simple direct life cycles, the infective stage occurs at the transition point between the outside environment and the host. For those parasites with more complex life cycles, there are multiple arrested stages between the intermediate and definitive hosts [5]. This infective stage of directly developing parasites is non-feeding and so must subsist on internal food stores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental plasticity and the evolution of parasitism in an unusual nematode, Parastrongyloides trichosuri

Stasiuk

Scott

Grant

2012

EvoDevo

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BackgroundParasitism is an important life history strategy in many metazoan taxa. This is particularly true of the Phylum Nematoda, in which parasitism has evolved independently at least nine times. The apparent ease with which parasitism has evolved amongst nematodes may, in part, be due to a feature of nematode development acting as a pre-adaptation for the transition from a free-living to a parasitic life history. One candidate pre-adaptive feature for evolution in terrestrial nematodes is the dauer larva, a developmentally arrested morph formed in response to environmental signals.ResultsWe investigated the role of dauer development in the nematode, Parastrongyloides trichosuri, which has retained a complete free-living life cycle in addition to a life cycle as a mammalian gastrointestinal parasite. We show that the developmental switch between these life histories is sensitive to the same environmental cues as dauer arrest in free-living nematodes, including sensitivity to a chemical cue produced by the free-living stages. Furthermore, we show that genetic variation for the sensitivity of the cue(s) exists in natural populations of P. trichosuri, such that we derived inbred lines that were largely insensitive to the cue and other lines that were supersensitive to the cue.ConclusionsFor this parasitic clade, and perhaps more widely in the phylum, the evolution of parasitism co-opted the dauer switch of a free-living ancestor. This lends direct support to the hypothesis that the switch to developmental arrest in the dauer larva acted as a pre-adaptation for the evolution of parasitism, and suggests that the sensory transduction machinery downstream of the cue may have been similarly co-opted and modified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental plasticity and the evolution of parasitism in an unusual nematode, Parastrongyloides trichosuri

Stasiuk

Scott

Grant

2012

EvoDevo

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“…We carried out this study in accordance with recognised research principles, guided by other published studies with similar purposes, in order to answer the research question. 19,20 Our findings therefore may serve to inform educators, administrators, and researchers at both the local and national or international levels. In fact, we have begun a Canada-wide survey-based study of all residents with questions informed by the themes developed during this project.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…These concerns were also expressed by residents interviewed by Ross et al, who felt that the pilot competency-based program which they experienced led to "over-assessment." 20 This risk of competency-based programs devolving into an endless series of tick boxes has been identified previously. 34 Residents also expressed uncertainty regarding faculty views of CBME.…”

Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Resident perceptions of Competency-Based Medical Education

et al. 2020

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Background: Residency training programs in Canada are undergoing a mandated transition to competency-based medical education (CBME). There is limited literature regarding resident perspectives on CBME. As upper year residents act as mentors and assessors for incoming cohorts, and are themselves key stakeholders in this educational transition, it is important to understand how they view CBME. We examined how residents who are not currently enrolled in a competency-based program view that method of training, and what they perceive as potential advantages, disadvantages, and considerations regarding its implementation. Methods: Sixteen residents volunteered to participate in individual semi-structured interviews, with questions focussing on participants’ knowledge of CBME and its implementation. We used a grounded theory approach to develop explanations of how residents perceive CBME. Results: Residents anticipated improved assessment and feedback, earlier identification of residents experiencing difficulties in training, and greater flexibility to pursue self-identified educational needs. Disadvantages included logistical issues surrounding CBME implementation, ability of attending physicians to deliver CBME-appropriate feedback, and the possibility of assessment fatigue. Clear, detailed communication and channels for resident feedback were key considerations regarding implementation. Conclusions: Resident views align with educational experts regarding the practical challenges of implementation. Expectations of improved assessment and feedback highlight the need for both residents and attending physicians to be equipped in these domains. Consequently, faculty development and clear communication will be crucial aspects of successful transitioning to CBME.

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“…There is a large need for such assessment tools in Italy. We are fully aware that this questionnaire is not the final and comprehensive answer to the issues of residents’ evaluation and that “the various domain of medical competence should be assessed in an integrated coherent and longitudinal fashion with the use of multiple methods and provision of frequent and constructive feedbacks” [1,11,38,39]. However, it is a first step towards developing a robust and standardized program for resident evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A short questionnaire to assess pediatric resident’s competencies: the validation process

et al. 2013

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BackgroundIn order to help assess resident performance during training, the Residency Affair Committee of the Pediatric Residency Program of the University of Padua (Italy) administered a Resident Assessment Questionnaire (ReAQ), which both residents and faculty were asked to complete. The aim of this article is to present the ReAQ and its validation.MethodsThe ReAQ consists of 20 items that assess the six core competencies identified by the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). A many-facet Rasch measurement analysis was used for validating the ReAQ.ResultsBetween July 2011 and June 2012, 211 evaluations were collected from residents and faculty. Two items were removed because their functioning changed with the gender of respondents. The step calibrations were ordered. The self evaluations (residents rating themselves) positively correlated with the hetero evaluations (faculty rating residents; Spearman’s ρ = 0.75, p < 0.001). Unfortunately, the observed agreement among faculty was smaller than expected (Exp = 47.1%; Obs = 41%), which indicates that no enough training to faculty for using the tool was provided.ConclusionsIn its final form, the ReAQ provides a valid unidimensional measure of core competences in pediatric residents. It produces reliable measures, distinguishes among groups of residents according to different levels of performance, and provides a resident evaluation that holds an analogous meaning for residents and faculty.

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Involving users in the refinement of the competency-based achievement system: An innovative approach to competency-based assessment

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Developmental plasticity and the evolution of parasitism in an unusual nematode, Parastrongyloides trichosuri

Developmental plasticity and the evolution of parasitism in an unusual nematode, Parastrongyloides trichosuri

Resident perceptions of Competency-Based Medical Education

A short questionnaire to assess pediatric resident’s competencies: the validation process

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