Involvement of UV-C-induced genomic instability in stimulation рlant long-term protective reactions

Sokolova, Daryna A.; Halych, Taras V.; Zhuk, Vladyslav V.; Kravets, Alexandra P.

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154171

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…DNA damage in plants can be caused by environmental agents or can arise from endogenous sources. Environmental genotoxins include factors such as ionizing radiation, UV light, heavy metals, and an excess of aluminum or boron, as well as natural toxins, for instance antibiotics of the bleomycin family [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]; there are also a number of chemical mutagens (reviewed in [34][35][36]). Endogenous factors leading to DNA damage include reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon species (ROS, RNS, and RCS); the spontaneous or enzymatic release of DNA bases, leading to the formation of apyrimidine/apurine (AP) sites; errors in DNA replication and recombination; and the activity of plant DNases (reviewed in [1,37]).…”

Section: Causes Consequences and Repair Of Dna Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comet Assay: Multifaceted Options for Studies of Plant Stress Response

Tyutereva,

Strizhenok,

Kiseleva

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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Contrarily to chronic stresses, acute (i.e., fast and dramatic) changes in environmental factors like temperature, radiation, concentration of toxic substances, or pathogen attack often lead to DNA damage. Some of the stress factors are genotoxic, i.e., they damage the DNA via physical interactions or via interference with DNA replication/repair machinery. However, cytotoxic factors, i.e., those that do not directly damage the DNA, can lead to secondary genotoxic effects either via the induction of the production of reactive oxygen, carbon, or nitrogen species, or via the activation of programmed cell death and related endonucleases. The extent of this damage, as well as the ability of the cell to repair it, represent a significant part of plant stress responses. Information about DNA damage is important for physiological studies as it helps to understand the complex adaptive responses of plants and even to predict the outcome of the plant’s exposure to acute stress. Single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) provides a convenient and relatively inexpensive tool to evaluate DNA strand breaks in the different organs of higher plants, as well as in unicellular algae. Comet assays are widely used in ecotoxicology and biomonitoring applications; however, they are still relatively rarely used in physiological studies. In this review, we provide an overview of the basic principles and of useful variations of the protocols of Comet assays, as well as of their use in plant studies, in order to encourage plant physiologists to include this tool in the analysis of plant stress responses.

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