2006
DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.01.005
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Involvement of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced skin edema in mice

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Cited by 150 publications
(89 citation statements)
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“…17,18) As shown in Figs. 3A, 3B, and 3C, TPA challenge resulted in dramatic increases in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β protein levels in ear biopsy homogenates.…”
Section: Effect Of Topical Application Of Ca On the Protein And Mrna mentioning
confidence: 71%
“…17,18) As shown in Figs. 3A, 3B, and 3C, TPA challenge resulted in dramatic increases in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β protein levels in ear biopsy homogenates.…”
Section: Effect Of Topical Application Of Ca On the Protein And Mrna mentioning
confidence: 71%
“…Protein kinase C which is activated by TPA (68) and responsible for transducing the inflammatory response cascade in the TPA-induced mouse ear oedema model has been ruled out as a target, with negative results obtained from screening one of the active compounds against all isoforms of this kinase. Time-response data obtained in earlier in vivo work suggests that the compounds are acting at an early stage of the inflammatory response, as indicated by a shallower slope of the data line ( Figure 4) (69). In this particular animal model steroid-like compounds often give similar patterns of data, in contrast to NSAID compounds which often show a delayed response and hence a steeper slope in the early stages (ie.…”
Section: Kuuku I'yu Medicinal Plant Projectmentioning
confidence: 65%
“…***p < 0.001, *p < 0.05; NS: not significant versus control. synthesis of inflammatory eicosanoids by cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase enzymes (Wang et al 2001;Murakawa et al 2006). The effect of methanol extract on croton oil-induced ear oedema is probably attributed to lipophilic methanol-soluble substances that are able to penetrate through the skin barrier (Okoli et al 2007).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%