Involvement of the gill chloride cells of trout under acute nitrite intoxication

Gaino, Elda; Arillo, Attilio; Mensi, P.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(84)90171-3

Cited by 42 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In accordance with this, works by Gaino et al (1984) and Leino & McCormick (1984) describe similar morphological modifications of gill epithelia of the trout and the minnow related to nitrite and acid water intoxication.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Ultrastructural alterations of the dogfish {Scyliorhinus canicula L.) gill filament related to experimental aquatic zinc pollution

Crespo¹,

Sala²

1985

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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ABSTRACT:Effects of dissolved Zn on the structure of the dogfish gill filament were investigated.Ultrastructural alterations were seen only in chloride cells, probably due to an accelerated turnover. Following exposure to ZnSO, (15ppm Zn) for 2 wk, varying degrees of electron density of the cytoplasmic matrix were observed among the chloride cell population. Two cell types, which were not found in untreated fish are described: (1) dark cells, highly electron dense and smaller in size than chloride cells of untreated animals, and (2) cells packed with swollen mitochondria, which are probably undergoing degeneration. We suggest that these alterations are due to an osmotic stress caused by Zn ions. Proliferation of chloride cells following Zn treatment described in a previous light microscope study might be explained as a compensatory response to restore altered osmoregulatory capacities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Ultrastructural alterations of the dogfish {Scyliorhinus canicula L.) gill filament related to experimental aquatic zinc pollution

Crespo¹,

Sala²

1985

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…With respect to fish gills, necrosis has been reported in several studies on the effects of water pollutants (Gaino et al 1984;Mallatt 1985). To the best of our knowledge, apoptotis in gill tissue has not been mentioned before, al though it has been described for hatching gland cells in pike embryos (Schoots et al 1983) and for endocrine cells of the Stannius bodies in some teleosts (Wendelaar Bonga and Pang 1986).…”

Section: Differentiation and Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Degeneration and death, by apoptosis and necrosis, of the pavement and chloride cells in the gills of the teleost Oreochromis mossambicus

1989

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Summary. Degeneration and death of branchial epithelial cells were studied in an African cichlid fish. In both fresh water and seawater fish the superficially located pavement cells are sloughed off at the end of their lifecycle. This process is preceded by degeneration via a process of cyto plasmic shrinkage and condensation related to apoptotic (physiologically controlled) cell death. The chloride cells are pleomorphic, i.e., accessory, mature, and degenerating cells. Degeneration of chloride cells mainly occurs by apop tosis. Degenerating cells show shrinkage and densification of cytoplasm and nuclei, and swelling of the tubular system; these cells are then separated from the ambient water by pavement cells. They are finally phagocytosed and digested by macrophages. Apoptosis of chloride cells, but not of pavement cells, is greatly stimulated when the fish are in seawater; this reflects an increase in cellular turnover of the chloride cells. Accidental cell death (necrosis) of pave ment cells or chloride cells is rarely observed in fully adapted freshwater and seawater fish. Its incidence in creases in the first few days following transfer of fish from fresh water to seawater.

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“…In particular, epithelial hyperplasia with or without fusion of adjacent lamellae, mucous cell hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration are characteristic of a chronic stress response (Roberts 1989;Ferguson 1989;Mallat 1985). This contrasts with certain conditions that induce specific changes, such as hyperplastic gill response in fish exposed to ammonia (Smart 1976;Larmoyeux and Piper 1973;Burrows 1964), increased chloride cells following exposure to acid water (Karlsson-Norrgren et al1986;Leino and McCormick 1984) or nitrite (Gaino et al 1984 ), and chloride cell degeneration and necrosis in nitrite and cadmium toxicity (Ferguson 1989). Proliferation of epithelial cells and particularly of mucous cells can contribute to the lamellar fusion that was prominent in the market-aged fish (Ferguson 1989;Roberts,1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of High-density Stocking in a Recirculating Aquaculture System on Gill Morphology ofHybrid Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops)

Smith¹,

Smith²,

Pfeiffer³

2000

International Journal of Recirculating Aquaculture

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The types and distribution of gill lesions observed in hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops) reared in a commercial-scale recirculating aquaculture system are described. When placed in the system as fingerlings and reared there for eight months at typical stocking density, the gills of all examined fish presented a variety of extensive, non-specific lesions typically resulting from poor water quality. Lesions included epithelial cell hyperplasia, infiltration of the interfilamental region by mixed inflammatory cells, hyperplasia of mucous and lamellar epithelium, lamellar fusion and occasional filamental fusion. Up to 76% of the gill sample surface of individual fish was affected, with lesions being most severe in the distal filamental regions. Fish transferred to and maintained at low stocking densities in water of superior quality demonstrated that all lesions were fully reversible by five weeks post-transfer. This study demonstrates that culture of hybrid striped bass under intensive aquaculture management induced pathological changes in the gills, and suggests that maintenance of fish under improved water quality conditions will reduce gill lesions, which could potentially increase the fishes' performance.

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Involvement of the gill chloride cells of trout under acute nitrite intoxication

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Ultrastructural alterations of the dogfish {Scyliorhinus canicula L.) gill filament related to experimental aquatic zinc pollution

Ultrastructural alterations of the dogfish {Scyliorhinus canicula L.) gill filament related to experimental aquatic zinc pollution

Degeneration and death, by apoptosis and necrosis, of the pavement and chloride cells in the gills of the teleost Oreochromis mossambicus

Effects of High-density Stocking in a Recirculating Aquaculture System on Gill Morphology ofHybrid Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops)

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