Involvement of the Basal Cholinergic Forebrain in the Mediation of General (Propofol) Anesthesia

Laalou, Fatem-Zohra; Vasconcelos, Anne Pereira de; Oberling, Philippe; Jeltsch, Hélène; Cassel, Jean‐Christophe; Pain, Laure

doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e31816d919b

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Sham-lesion rats received bilateral saline infusion (0.5 μl/side) into SI. The volume (0.5 μl) used was identical (Berntson et al, 2002;Kaur et al, 2008), or similar (0.4-0.8 μl used by Heckers et al, 1994;Laalou et al, 2008), to that used in other intra-NBM lesion studies. Saline with or without 192IgG-saporin was delivered by an infusion pump (Harvard Apparatus, South Natick, MA) over 10 min, after which the cannula was kept in place for another 10 min to allow for diffusion before retraction.…”

Section: Lesion Of Nbmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing central Ach levels is known to reduce the depth of anesthesia (Meuret et al, 2000;Hudetz et al, 2003). Laalou et al (2008) reported that NBM lesion with 192IgG-saporin increased the anesthetic, but not the subanesthetic, effects of cumulative doses of propofol (i.p.). We showed that 5 mg/kg i.v.…”

Section: Correlation Of Averagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pain et al (2000) reported that central Ach depletion by intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of 192IgG-saporin reduced the sedative potency of low-dose (30 mg/kg i.p.) propofol, although a subsequent study (Laalou et al, 2008) reported that the same depletion increased the anesthesia potency of propofol (N100 mg/kg i.p.). Laalou et al (2008) concluded that the main effect was mediated by immunotoxin lesion in the medial septum/vertical diagonal band of Broca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…propofol, although a subsequent study (Laalou et al, 2008) reported that the same depletion increased the anesthesia potency of propofol (N100 mg/kg i.p.). Laalou et al (2008) concluded that the main effect was mediated by immunotoxin lesion in the medial septum/vertical diagonal band of Broca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Lesion of cholinergic neurons in nucleus basalis enhances response to general anesthetics

Leung

Petropoulos

Shen

et al. 2011

Experimental Neurology

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"Lesion of cholinergic neurons in nucleus basalis enhances response to general anesthetics" (2011). Physiology and Pharmacology Publications. 72. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/physpharmpub/72 This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. Acetylcholine in the brain has been associated with consciousness and general anesthesia effects. We tested the hypothesis that the integrity of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) affects the response to general anesthetics. Cholinergic neurons in NBM were selectively lesioned by bilateral infusion of 192IgG-saporin in adult, male Long-Evans rats, and control rats were infused with saline. Depletion of choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT)-immunoreactive cells in the NBM and decrease in optical density of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining in the frontal and visual cortices confirmed a significant decrease in NBM cholinergic neurons in lesioned as compared to control rats. AChE staining in the hippocampus and ChAT-positive neurons in the medial septum-vertical limb of the diagonal band were not different between lesioned and control rats. When a general anesthetic was administered, lesioned compared to control rats showed significantly longer duration of loss of righting reflex (LORR) after propofol (5 or 10 mg/kg i.v.), pentobarbital (20 or 40 mg/kg i.p.) but not halothane (2%). However, the behavioral excitation, as indicated by horizontal movements, induced by halothane was reduced in lesioned as compared to control rats. Reversible inactivation of NBM with GABA A receptor agonist muscimol increased slow waves in the neocortex during awake immobility, and prolonged the duration of LORR and loss of tail-pinch response after propofol, pentobarbital and halothane. In summary, lesion of NBM cholinergic neurons or inactivation of the NBM prolonged the LORR response to general anesthetic drugs.

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Section: Lesion Of Nbmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Correlation Of Averagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Lesion of cholinergic neurons in nucleus basalis enhances response to general anesthetics

Leung

Petropoulos

Shen

et al. 2011

Experimental Neurology

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“…Cholinergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the general anesthetic actions (8,9) and in the physiology of dreaming activity (10)(11)(12). Moreover, an enhanced central cholinergic neurotransmission is observed in the mental experience of dreaming during the REM sleep (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Penehyclidine on Dreaming Occurrence and Plasma Acetylcholine Variation During Propofol Anesthesia for Minor Gynecological Surgery

Xu¹,

Zhang²,

Sun³

et al. 2017

J Anesth Perioper Med

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Background: Dreaming often occurs during anesthesia especially with using propofol, which is a poorly understood phenomenon on the basis of current available data. The present study aimed to determine whether penehyclidine can inhibit propofol anesthesia-related dreaming and evaluate the relationship between acetylcholine and propofol-induced dreaming. Methods: Healthy women undergoing elective minor gynecological surgery were randomized to receive penehyclidine hydrochloride 0.01 mg/kg (penehyclidine group, n = 200) or the same volume of saline (saline group, n = 200) at 10 min before propofol injection. Immediately after surgery, blood samples of the women were collected to determine the plasma acetylcholine concentrations. Interviews concerning dreaming incidence, contents, as well as how she felt her dream (pleasant, neutral, or unpleasant) were conducted 3-5 minutes after she could speak out her name and take appropriate action according to the observer's instruction. Results: Penehyclidine did not affect dreaming incidences when compared with saline (39.0% vs. 47.5% , P = 0.086). There was no significant difference with respect to the age, weight, propofol dose, or surgery duration between penehyclidine group and saline group, as well as between dreamers and non-dreamers in the saline group. There was no significant difference with respect to the plasma acetylcholine concentrations between dreamers and non-dreamers in the saline group. Sixty-five women (68.0% ) recalled the contents of dreams among which 39 (60.0% ) were pleasant. Women who recalled dream contents had higher plasma concentrations of acetylcholine than women who did not (P = 0.000). Conclusions: Penehyclidine cannot reduce the dreaming incidence in women during propofol anesthesia. But, the dreamers who can recall the dreaming contents during propofol anesthesia have higher plasma levels of acetylcholine. (Funded by the Na-

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Divergent Neural Activity in the VLPO During Anesthesia and Sleep

Luo

Liu

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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The invention of general anesthesia (GA) represents a significant advance in modern clinical practices. However, the exact mechanisms of GA are not entirely understood. Because of the multitude of similarities between GA and sleep, one intriguing hypothesis is that anesthesia may engage the sleep‐wake regulation circuits. Here, using fiber photometry and micro‐endoscopic imaging of Ca2+ signals at both population and single‐cell levels, it investigates how various anesthetics modulate the neural activity in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (vLPO), a brain region essential for the initiation of sleep. It is found that different anesthetics primarily induced suppression of neural activity and tended to recruit a similar group of vLPO neurons; however, each anesthetic caused comparable modulations of both wake‐active and sleep‐active neurons. These results demonstrate that anesthesia creates a different state of neural activity in the vLPO than during natural sleep, suggesting that anesthesia may not engage the same vLPO circuits for sleep generation.

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Involvement of the Basal Cholinergic Forebrain in the Mediation of General (Propofol) Anesthesia

Abstract: The anesthetic potency of propofol was increased in all rats with hippocampal lesions, whatever the injection sites, compared with controls. These results demonstrate that a cholinergic dysfunction in the basal forebrain potentiates the anesthetic effects of propofol.

Cited by 58 publications

References 37 publications

Lesion of cholinergic neurons in nucleus basalis enhances response to general anesthetics

Lesion of cholinergic neurons in nucleus basalis enhances response to general anesthetics

Effect of Penehyclidine on Dreaming Occurrence and Plasma Acetylcholine Variation During Propofol Anesthesia for Minor Gynecological Surgery

Divergent Neural Activity in the VLPO During Anesthesia and Sleep

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