Involvement of state transitions in the switch between linear and cyclic electron flow in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>

Finazzi, Guido; Rappaport, Fabrice; Furia, Alberto; Fleischmann, Mark; Rochaix, Jean‐David; Zito, Francesca; Forti, Giorgio

doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvf047

Cited by 237 publications

(166 citation statements)

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“…However, the association of those minor antenna proteins with the PSI-LHCI-LHCII pigment-protein complex might explain the presence of a larger PSI-LHCI-LHCII complex in the psad1-1 and psae1-3 mutants (see the double PSI-LHCI-LHCII bands in psad1-1 and psae1-3; Figures 3 and 4; see Supplemental Figure 2 online) possibly as a consequence of the increased thylakoid phosphorylation levels in those mutants. Interestingly, and in contrast with the situation in C. reinhardtii (Finazzi et al, 2002), impairment of the ability to undergo state transitions did not affect cyclic electron flow in Arabidopsis, indicating that in higher plants the induction of state 2 is not responsible to promote the switch from linear to cyclic electron transport.…”

Section: State Transitions Play An Important Role In Flowering Plantscontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…Moreover, plant development and fitness are only marginally affected in A. thaliana mutants impaired in state transitions (Lunde et al, 2000;Bonardi et al, 2005;Tikkanen et al, 2006), even under fluctuating light (Bellafiore et al, 2005) or field conditions (Frenkel et al, 2007) when the ability to adapt to illumination changes should become crucial. Therefore, it has been speculated that state transitions play a less prominent role in land plants than in green algae (Finazzi et al, 2002;Finazzi, 2005), becoming important only under low light conditions (Tikkanen et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ArabidopsisSTN7 Kinase Provides a Link between Short- and Long-Term Photosynthetic Acclimation

et al. 2009

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Flowering plants control energy allocation to their photosystems in response to light quality changes. This includes the phosphorylation and migration of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins (state transitions or short-term response) as well as long-term alterations in thylakoid composition (long-term response or LTR). Both responses require the thylakoid protein kinase STN7. Here, we show that the signaling pathways triggering state transitions and LTR diverge at, or immediately downstream from, STN7. Both responses require STN7 activity that can be regulated according to the plastoquinone pool redox state. However, LTR signaling does not involve LHCII phosphorylation or any other state transition step. State transitions appear to play a prominent role in flowering plants, and the ability to perform state transitions becomes critical for photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants that are impaired in thylakoid electron transport but retain a functional LTR. Our data imply that STN7-dependent phosphorylation of an as yet unknown thylakoid protein triggers LTR signaling events, whereby an involvement of the TSP9 protein in the signaling pathway could be excluded. The LTR signaling events then ultimately regulate in chloroplasts the expression of photosynthesis-related genes on the transcript level, whereas expression of nuclear-encoded proteins is regulated at multiple levels, as indicated by transcript and protein profiling in LTR mutants.

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Section: State Transitions Play An Important Role In Flowering Plantscontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ArabidopsisSTN7 Kinase Provides a Link between Short- and Long-Term Photosynthetic Acclimation

et al. 2009

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“…Recent studies in the same organism have shown further that anaerobiosis causes a transient inhibition of oxygen evolution and stimulation of PSI-mediated cyclic electron transport upon state 2 transition (Finazzi et al, 1999(Finazzi et al, , 2002. From these results, Wollman (2001) has inferred that one function of state transitions in C. reinhardtii is to modulate the relative rates of photosynthetic linear and cyclic electron flows.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recent studies in the same organism have shown further that anaerobiosis causes a transient inhibition of oxygen evolution and stimulation of PSI-mediated cyclic electron transport upon state 2 transition (Finazzi et al, 1999(Finazzi et al, , 2002 Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi…”

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confidence: 99%

Photosynthesis and State Transitions in Mitochondrial Mutants ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiAffected in Respiration

et al. 2003

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Photosynthetic activities were analyzed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mitochondrial mutants affected in different complexes (I, III, IV, I ϩ III, and I ϩ IV) of the respiratory chain. Oxygen evolution curves showed a positive relationship between the apparent yield of photosynthetic linear electron transport and the number of active proton-pumping sites in mitochondria. Although no significant alterations of the quantitative relationships between major photosynthetic complexes were found in the mutants, 77 K fluorescence spectra showed a preferential excitation of photosystem I (PSI) compared with wild type, which was indicative of a shift toward state 2. This effect was correlated with high levels of phosphorylation of lightharvesting complex II polypeptides, indicating the preferential association of light-harvesting complex II with PSI. The transition to state 1 occurred in untreated wild-type cells exposed to PSI light or in 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylureatreated cells exposed to white light. In mutants of the cytochrome pathway and in double mutants, this transition was only observed in white light in the presence of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea. This suggests higher rates of nonphotochemical plastoquinone reduction through the chlororespiratory pathway, which was confirmed by measurements of the complementary area above the fluorescence induction curve in dark-adapted cells. Photo-acoustic measurements of energy storage by PSI showed a stimulation of PSI-driven cyclic electron flow in the most affected mutants. The present results demonstrate that in C. reinhardtii mutants, permanent defects in the mitochondrial electron transport chain stabilize state 2, which favors cyclic over linear electron transport in the chloroplast.Metabolic processes of photosynthetic organisms depend on the regeneration of ATP through photosynthesis and respiration. Although these two processes are now well understood at the molecular and physiological levels, less is known about their mutual regulation. In eukaryotic cells, complex interactions between photosynthesis and respiration occur because both processes are linked by common key metabolites such as ADP/ATP, NAD(P)H, triose-P, and hexose-P (for review, see Hoefnagel et al., 1998).When the dependence of respiration on photosynthesis seems to rely essentially on the availability of substrates, the influence of respiration on photosynthesis is suggested to involve complex organizational changes in the PSs, known as state transitions. The transition from states 1 to 2 corresponds to the reversible transfer of a mobile pool of PSII lightharvesting complexes II (LHCII) from PSII to PSI along the thylakoid membrane (state 2 transition) and is triggered by persistent reduction of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool. This reduction causes the activation of an LHCII-kinase interacting with the quinine oxidizing site of cytochrome (Cyt) b6/f (for review, see Allen, 1992;Wollman, 2001). Due to its high affinity for the PSI-h subunit, phospho-LHCII then is bound preferential...

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“…In Chlamydomonas, the analysis of npq4 stt7 double mutants indicates that qE and qT are functionally linked during high light stress [48]. The qT component has also been linked to the regulation of CEF by the analysis of stt7 mutants [49,50] and the enrichment of CEF supercomplexes in conditions favouring the association of mobile LHCII antennae with PSI [51,52]. However, this conclusion has been recently questioned by a study demonstrating that although the migration of LHCII antennae to PSI can enhance CEF in light-limiting conditions, Chlamydomonas cells may switch from low to high rates of CEF independently of the LHCII kinase Stt7 [53].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term acclimation of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain to changing light: a mathematical model

Ebenhöh

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Finazzi

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 20 to a Theme Issue 'Changing the light environment: chloroplast signalling and response mechanisms'. Photosynthetic eukaryotes house two photosystems with distinct light absorption spectra. Natural fluctuations in light quality and quantity can lead to unbalanced or excess excitation, compromising photosynthetic efficiency and causing photodamage. Consequently, these organisms have acquired several distinct adaptive mechanisms, collectively referred to as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence, which modulates the organization and function of the photosynthetic apparatus. The ability to monitor NPQ processes fluorometrically has led to substantial progress in elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. However, the relative contribution of distinct NPQ mechanisms to variable light conditions in different photosynthetic eukaryotes remains unclear. Here, we present a mathematical model of the dynamic regulation of eukaryotic photosynthesis using ordinary differential equations. We demonstrate that, for Chlamydomonas, our model recapitulates the basic fluorescence features of short-term light acclimation known as state transitions and discuss how the model can be iteratively refined by comparison with physiological experiments to further our understanding of light acclimation in different species.

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Involvement of state transitions in the switch between linear and cyclic electron flow in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Cited by 237 publications

References 28 publications

ArabidopsisSTN7 Kinase Provides a Link between Short- and Long-Term Photosynthetic Acclimation

ArabidopsisSTN7 Kinase Provides a Link between Short- and Long-Term Photosynthetic Acclimation

Photosynthesis and State Transitions in Mitochondrial Mutants ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiAffected in Respiration

Short-term acclimation of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain to changing light: a mathematical model

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