Involvement of purinergic signaling in cardiovascular diseases

Ralevic, Vera; Burnstock, G

doi:10.1358/dnp.2003.16.3.876886

Cited by 108 publications

(78 citation statements)

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“…There are several pathological conditions in which the purinergic component of cotransmission is increased (Burnstock, 2002b). The emphasis in this article is on the pathophysiology and therapeutic potential of P2 receptors (see also Burnstock and Williams, 2000;Boeynaems et al, 2001;Yerxa, 2001;Burnstock, 2002a;Jacobson et al, 2002;Ralevic and Burnstock, 2003) and readers are referred to recent reviews about the therapeutic potential of P1 receptors (Fredholm et al, 2002(Fredholm et al, , 2005Okusa, 2002;Pelleg et al, 2002;Dhalla et al, 2003;Ribeiro et al, 2003;Hutchinson and Scammells, 2004;McCallion et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential of Purinergic Signaling

2006

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential of Purinergic Signaling

2006

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“…The effect of adenosine on the AV node is mainly due to the stimulation of highaffinity A 1 receptors, which are much more numerous in the AV node than in the sinoatrial node. [20][21][22] Like many other cell surface receptors, the number of cardiac adenosine A 1 receptors undergoes up-regulation and down-regulation when cardiac tissues are chronically exposed to low or elevated concentrations of adenosine receptor agonist (ie, adenosine). A transient release of endogenous adenosine could be sufficient to block conduction in the AV node when a high number of free high-affinity A 1 receptors in the AV node are available (low-APL patients).…”

Section: Pathophysiological Considerations: the Purinergic Profile Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syncope and Idiopathic (Paroxysmal) AV Block

Brignole

Deharo

Guieu

2013

Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics

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“…The pyrimidine ring is pharmacologically important functional group especially in the broad fields of cardiovascular and psychotic drugs [3][4][5]. The pyrimidine group is recently been reported with numerous pharmacological applications emphasizing the direction of medicinal chemistry field and significance of heterocyclics [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Microbicidal Activity of Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles having Amide and Hydroxy Functionality

Kaushik¹,

Luxmi²

2017

Asian J. Chem.

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Pyrimidines and pyridines are choice for modern day medicinal chemistry. Pyrimidine synthons are synthesized form guanidine and different substituted malonates. One of such pyrimidine ring synthon is 2-amino-5-carboethoxy-4-hydroxy pyrimidine. The commercially deployed synthesis involved a mixture of KOH and guanidine carbonate and gradual temperature controlled addition of diethylethoxy methylene melonate giving a yellow precipitate. The precipitate is cooled to around 5 °C and recrystallized from ethanol-water mixture. Though purity is never an issue in this popular process, yields are very low (70-75 %). The GC analysis of reaction mixture indicated that almost starting material was left unreacted and the first yellow precipitate formation is the rate determining step. We report silica functionalized magnetic particles as material support for synthesis of 2-amino-5carboethoxy-4-hydroxy pyrimidine. The cyclization reaction yields are reported to be enhanced due to presence of "near-homogeneous" nanomaterial catalyst. The prominent catalyst of interest to us is Fe3O4@SiO2 of 40 nm size. The particles are produced by modified Stober process giving consistent yields and coating of SiO2. The structural characterization is performed with SEM, TEM, IR and the data are consistent across multiple batches. The use of 40 nm size Fe3O4@SiO2 enabled higher yields of cyclization step in synthesis of 2-amino-5-carboethoxy-4-hydroxy pyrimidine. The mechanism of catalysis is stabilization of hetero atoms on the acidic silica surface and hence formation of pyrimidine. The study with different sized nanoparticles has indicated 40 nm size seems to be optimum and ability of catalysis is reduced as the size of nanoparticles has increased. The reaction performed at different batch sizes has indicated that 5 % (w/v) catalyst is optimal in the reaction. This process modification has far reaching applications in medicinal chemistry and bulk drug synthesis.

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Involvement of purinergic signaling in cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 108 publications

References 0 publications

Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential of Purinergic Signaling

Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential of Purinergic Signaling

Syncope and Idiopathic (Paroxysmal) AV Block

Synthesis and Microbicidal Activity of Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles having Amide and Hydroxy Functionality

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