“…It is reported that oxidative stress has become a key factor in apoptosis induced by BPA exposure and Se deficiency. BPA exposure can promote oxidative stress and cause extensive apoptosis of human and animal tissues and cells, including mouse spermatocytes (C. Wang, Zhang, et al, 2017), chicken bursa cells (L. Liu et al, 2021), and human neuroblastoma cells (C. Wang, Wang, et al, 2022). Se deficiency or selenoprotein deficiency can induce apoptosis of human uterine smooth muscle cells (Y. Wang, Li, et al, 2022), chicken embryonic vascular smooth muscle cells (Q. Wang, Huang, et al, 2017), mouse neurons, and other cells by inducing oxidative stress (S. Z. Jia, Xu, et al, 2021).…”