Involvement of Minerals in Adherence of Legionella pneumophila to Surfaces

Koubar, Mohamad; Rodier, Marie‐Hélène; Frère, Jacques

doi:10.1007/s00284-012-0295-0

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This finding is correlated with the reported ability of calcium and magnesium to increase the attachment of L. pneumophila to abiotic surfaces (61). It is thus possible that the role of divalent cations in initial attachment may be directly related to the ability of L. pneumophila to form autoaggregates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The Legionella pneumophila Collagen-Like Protein Mediates Sedimentation, Autoaggregation, and Pathogen-Phagocyte Interactions

Abdel-Nour

Duncan²,

Prashar

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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iAlthough only partially understood, multicellular behavior is relatively common in bacterial pathogens. Bacterial aggregates can resist various host defenses and colonize their environment more efficiently than planktonic cells. For the waterborne pathogen Legionella pneumophila, little is known about the roles of autoaggregation or the parameters which allow cell-cell interactions to occur. Here, we determined the endogenous and exogenous factors sufficient to allow autoaggregation to take place in L. pneumophila. We show that isolates from Legionella species which do not produce the Legionella collagen-like protein (Lcl) are deficient in autoaggregation. Targeted deletion of the Lcl-encoding gene (lpg2644) and the addition of Lcl ligands impair the autoaggregation of L. pneumophila. In addition, Lcl-induced autoaggregation requires divalent cations. Escherichia coli producing surface-exposed Lcl is able to autoaggregate and shows increased biofilm production. We also demonstrate that L. pneumophila infection of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Hartmanella vermiformis is potentiated under conditions which promote Lcl dependent autoaggregation. Overall, this study shows that L. pneumophila is capable of autoaggregating in a process that is mediated by Lcl in a divalent-cation-dependent manner. It also reveals that Lcl potentiates the ability of L. pneumophila to come in contact, attach, and infect amoebae.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The Legionella pneumophila Collagen-Like Protein Mediates Sedimentation, Autoaggregation, and Pathogen-Phagocyte Interactions

Abdel-Nour

Duncan²,

Prashar

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Calcium and magnesium might also play a role in biofilm formation, as the two metal ions enhance the adherence of Legionella to surfaces (Reeves et al, 1981; Koubar et al, 2013). …”

Section: Micronutrient Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism of the vacuolar pathogen Legionella and implications for virulence

Manske

Hilbi

2014

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Legionella pneumophila is a ubiquitous environmental bacterium that thrives in fresh water habitats, either as planktonic form or as part of biofilms. The bacteria also grow intracellularly in free-living protozoa as well as in mammalian alveolar macrophages, thus triggering a potentially fatal pneumonia called “Legionnaires' disease.” To establish its intracellular niche termed the “Legionella-containing vacuole” (LCV), L. pneumophila employs a type IV secretion system and translocates ~300 different “effector” proteins into host cells. The pathogen switches between two distinct forms to grow in its extra- or intracellular niches: transmissive bacteria are virulent for phagocytes, and replicative bacteria multiply within their hosts. The switch between these forms is regulated by different metabolic cues that signal conditions favorable for replication or transmission, respectively, causing a tight link between metabolism and virulence of the bacteria. Amino acids represent the prime carbon and energy source of extra- or intracellularly growing L. pneumophila. Yet, the genome sequences of several Legionella spp. as well as transcriptome and proteome data and metabolism studies indicate that the bacteria possess broad catabolic capacities and also utilize carbohydrates such as glucose. Accordingly, L. pneumophila mutant strains lacking catabolic genes show intracellular growth defects, and thus, intracellular metabolism and virulence of the pathogen are intimately connected. In this review we will summarize recent findings on the extra- and intracellular metabolism of L. pneumophila using genetic, biochemical and cellular microbial approaches. Recent progress in this field sheds light on the complex interplay between metabolism, differentiation and virulence of the pathogen.

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“…However, legionellosis incidence and its associated health risks are known to be increasing [11][12][13], due to global challenges such as urbanization, ageing populations, climatic changes, or circular economy approaches [12,13]. The number of people diagnosed with legionellosis will rise to around 2.5 billion by 2050 in urbanized centers [14,15], and the need for more climatization solutions will also grow [11]. Circular economy and water reuse, while necessary, will likely increase the number of Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1212 2 of 23 water systems and their complexity and will change water consumption patterns [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legionella and Biofilms—Integrated Surveillance to Bridge Science and Real-Field Demands

2021

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Legionella is responsible for the life-threatening pneumonia commonly known as Legionnaires’ disease or legionellosis. Legionellosis is known to be preventable if proper measures are put into practice. Despite the efforts to improve preventive approaches, Legionella control remains one of the most challenging issues in the water treatment industry. Legionellosis incidence is on the rise and is expected to keep increasing as global challenges become a reality. This puts great emphasis on prevention, which must be grounded in strengthened Legionella management practices. Herein, an overview of field-based studies (the system as a test rig) is provided to unravel the common roots of research and the main contributions to Legionella’s understanding. The perpetuation of a water-focused monitoring approach and the importance of protozoa and biofilms will then be discussed as bottom-line questions for reliable Legionella real-field surveillance. Finally, an integrated monitoring model is proposed to study and control Legionella in water systems by combining discrete and continuous information about water and biofilm. Although the successful implementation of such a model requires a broader discussion across the scientific community and practitioners, this might be a starting point to build more consistent Legionella management strategies that can effectively mitigate legionellosis risks by reinforcing a pro-active Legionella prevention philosophy.

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Involvement of Minerals in Adherence of Legionella pneumophila to Surfaces

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

The Legionella pneumophila Collagen-Like Protein Mediates Sedimentation, Autoaggregation, and Pathogen-Phagocyte Interactions

The Legionella pneumophila Collagen-Like Protein Mediates Sedimentation, Autoaggregation, and Pathogen-Phagocyte Interactions

Metabolism of the vacuolar pathogen Legionella and implications for virulence

Legionella and Biofilms—Integrated Surveillance to Bridge Science and Real-Field Demands

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