Involvement of Intracellular Calcium Mobilization in IL-8 Activation in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Abstract

Collectively, our findings highlight the important role of intracellular calcium mobilization in the activation of IL-8. These findings may be helpful for the clinical applications in the age-related macular degeneration (AMD) prevention and treatment.

The genetic variant rs4073 A→T of the Interleukin‐8 promoter region is associated with the earlier onset of exudative age‐related macular degeneration

“…In aged cells, disturbance of calcium homeostasis may lead to induced IL‐8 gene expression and IL‐8 secretion (Yang et al. ). Chronic oxidative stress has also been found to trigger the RPE cells to produce higher levels of IL‐8 stimulating both inflammation and angiogenesis, which, in turn, may lead to the development of CNV and exudative AMD (Zhu et al.…”

CFH Y402H polymorphism and the complement activation product C5a: effects on NF-κB activation and inflammasome gene regulation

“…Complement activation products, C3a and C5a, are anaphylatoxins and mediate the expression of many inflammatory cytokines, including those associated with nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway, a master switch for cytokine production 7 8. The NF-κB pathway mediates the expression of classic inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8) and those associated with the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes (IL-1β, IL-18), which play important roles in AMD pathology 9 10.…”

Elevated concentration of cytokines in aqueous in post‐vitrectomy eyes

“…[9][10][11][12][13] Interleukin-8 is considered a potent chemo-attractant and activator of neutrophils and T-lymphocytes and is known to have both immune and vascular functions. 37 In the human eye, IL-8 was produced by retinal pigment epithelium and retinal microvascular endothelial cells 38,39 and was found elevated in the serum and aqueous of patients with active uveitis compared with non-active. 39 Researchers also reported that IL-8 is elevated in glaucoma eyes aqueous and is positively correlated with IOP and glaucoma damage.…”

“…37 In the human eye, IL-8 was produced by retinal pigment epithelium and retinal microvascular endothelial cells 38,39 and was found elevated in the serum and aqueous of patients with active uveitis compared with non-active. 39 Researchers also reported that IL-8 is elevated in glaucoma eyes aqueous and is positively correlated with IOP and glaucoma damage. 24,40 Another cytokine that was found elevated in post-vitrectomy eyes was IP-10.…”