“…However differences among individuals experiencing homelessness (e.g., age, gender, health, living arrangements, ethnicity; Flaskerud & Strehlow, 2008) and the interconnection of their various cultural identities may contribute to heterogeneity in their parenting practices. Fathers experiencing homelessness may or may not cohabitate with their families, they may be biological or social fathers, they may be single or coparenting fathers, and they may come from a variety of ethnic backgrounds (Pattnaik & Medeiros, 2013). The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) reported that in 2015 the racial and ethnic distribution of homeless individuals in the United States was: 40% African American, 48% White, 20% Hispanic, 3% Native American, and 1% Asian (HUD, 2015).…”