There has been considerable interest in the area of abiotic stress research, especially in the direction of producing improved crop varieties that can encounter adversities of abiotic stresses such as heat, cold, drought, osmotic, and salinity effectively. These stresses can act alone or in combination cause greater damage to plants. Thus, in order to combat and survive in these extreme environmental conditions, plants have evolved tolerance mechanisms. These mechanisms include interconnected networks of signaling cascade, which involves role of a large number of genes and their products in tolerance mechanism. The clear-cut understanding of these stress tolerance/resistance mechanisms is critical in order to improve the performance of the plant. Deciphering such complex signaling cascades using traditional genomic approach has been diffi cult, and therefore, high-throughput functional genomics approaches need to be employed using tools like expression profi ling, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics during tolerance response.
Keywords Abiotic stress • Legume • Transcription factor • WRKY family
IntroductionDynamic climatic conditions altering the environment play a crucial role in plant performance. These altered environmental conditions act as an environmental stress to plants. Effect of abiotic stresses (temperature, drought, salt, etc.) on plants is drastic, both for vegetative and reproductive potential. These stress conditions lead to change in the resource availability of plants, which are of utmost importance for their optimum performance. One way to mitigate these conditions is environmentinduced shift in the phenotype of the plants. The environmental cues that lead to change phenotype of plants are genetically controlled in a hierarchical fashion. A clear-cut understanding of the stress tolerance/resistance mechanisms is critical