Involvement of free radicals in parasitic infestations

Ellah, Mahmoud R. Abd

doi:10.1080/09712119.2012.739093

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Oxidative stress has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases including parasitic infections [90]. Cellular metabolism produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [91].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Parasite Interaction in Sarcoptes scabiei Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India

Sawhney

Mondal

et al. 2020

Animals

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The burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei causes scabies in humans or mange in animals. It infests a wide range of mammalian species including livestock, companion animals, wild animals, and humans. Differential diagnosis of Sarcoptes varieties is key for epidemiological studies and for formulation of an eradication program. Host-parasite interaction at the systemic level is very important to understand the pathogenicity of the mite. This communication deals with the preliminary report on the genetic characterization of S. scabiei from India. Moreover, the effect of S. scabiei infestation on host physiology with special emphasis on serum biochemical parameters, lipid profile, oxidant/antioxidant balance, stress parameters, and immune responses were evaluated in a porcine model. Cytochrome C oxidase 1 and voltage-sensitive sodium channel based phylogenetic study could distinguish human and animals isolates but could not distinguish host or geographical specific isolates belonging to animal origin. An absence of host-specific cluster among animal isolates argues against the hypothesis of delineating S. scabiei as per host origin. Elevated levels of markers of liver function such as albumin, AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH in infested animals indicated impaired liver function in infested animals. S. scabiei infestation induced atherogenic dyslipidemia indicated by elevated levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, and a decreased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Oxidative stress in infested animals was indicated by a high level of nitric oxide and serum MDA as oxidative stress markers and low antioxidant capacity. S. scabiei triggered stress response and elevated levels of serum cortisol and heat shock proteins were recorded in infested animals. S. scabiei infestation increased the serum concentration of immunoglobulins and was associated with up-regulation of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-4 indicating both Th1 and Th2 response. The results of the study will be helpful for a better understanding of host-parasite interaction at the systemic level in crusted scabies in pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Parasite Interaction in Sarcoptes scabiei Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India

Sawhney

Mondal

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Moreover, the functional importance of this effect is currently unclear. Previous studies have reported that early infection with parasitic worms generates NO and H 2 O 2 production by eosinophils and MΦs in the peritoneal cavity (Abd Ellah, 2013 ; Jedlina et al., 2011). Targeting the redox system in favor of ROS induction might therefore be one of the mechanisms by which worms accelerate the repair of damage (Dunnill et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasite worm antigens instruct macrophages to release immunoregulatory extracellular vesicles

Zakeri

Whitehead

Stensballe

et al. 2021

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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Emerging evidence suggests that immune cells not only communicate with each other through cytokines, chemokines, and cell surface receptors, but also by releasing small membranous structures known as extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs carry a variety of different molecules that can be taken up by recipient cells. Parasitic worms are well known for their immunomodulatory properties, but whether they can affect immune responses by altering EV‐driven communication between host immune cells remains unclear. Here we provide evidence that stimulation of bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) with soluble products of Trichuris suis (TSPs), leads to the release of EVs with anti‐inflammatory properties. Specifically, we found that EVs from TSP‐pulsed BMDMs, but not those from unstimulated BMDMs can suppress TNFα and IL‐6 release in LPS‐stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs. However, no polarization toward M1 or M2 was observed in macrophages exposed to EVs. Moreover, EVs enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the exposed BMDMs, which was associated with a deregulated redox homeostasis as revealed by pathway analysis of transcriptomic data. Proteomic analysis identified cytochrome p450 (CYP450) as a potential source of ROS in EVs from TSP‐pulsed BMDMs. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of CYP450 activity could suppress ROS production in those BMDMs. In summary, we find that TSPs can modulate immune responses not only via direct interactions but also indirectly by eliciting the release of EVs from BMDMs that exert anti‐inflammatory effects on recipient cells.

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“…Furthermore, Se-yeast supplementation increased gene expression of the selenocysteine-containing selenoproteins glutathione peroxidase-4 [31], which is vital for the detoxification of lipid hydroperoxide free radicals in the intestinal mucosa [40], and selenoprotein S1 [31], which has been hypothesized to play a role in the detoxification of lipid hydroperoxide free radicals in the intestinal mucosa [41,42]. Intestinal parasitism has been reported to be associated with increased formation of lipid hydroperoxides [43]. Thus, we were interested in whether the potentially beneficial changes in gene expression in WB neutrophils translated into decreased GI parasite loads.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Selenium Yeast Supplementation on Naturally Acquired Parasitic Infection in Ewes

Hooper

Bobe

Vorachek

et al. 2014

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Gastrointestinal parasites cause substantial economic losses in pasture-based sheep production systems. Supranutritional organic selenium (Se) supplementation may be beneficial because it improves immune responses to pathogens. To evaluate the effect of Se-yeast supplementation on gastrointestinal parasite load, 30 ewes per treatment group were drenched weekly with no Se, 4.9 mg Se/week as Se yeast (maximum FDA-allowed concentration), or supranutritional concentrations of Se yeast (14.7 and 24.5 mg Se/week) starting early fall for 85 weeks. Fecal samples were collected at weeks 63, 66, 78, and 84 and counted for total trichostrongyle-type eggs and Haemonchus contortus eggs (in samples with ≥200 trichostrongyle eggs/g feces). During breeding season (fall), ewes were kept on pasture; ewes receiving 24.5 mg Se/week had lower fecal trichostrongyle egg counts (93 ± 40 eggs/g feces) compared with ewes receiving no Se (537 ± 257 eggs/g feces; P = 0.007) or ewes receiving 4.9 mg Se/week as Se yeast (398 ± 208 eggs/g feces; P = 0.03). In winter, fecal trichostrongyle egg counts decreased, and group differences were not apparent. During lambing season (spring), ewes were kept in the barn and fecal trichostrongyle egg counts increased, although no group differences were observed. However, none of the ewes receiving supranutritional Se yeast, and with trichostrongyle egg counts ≥200 eggs/g of feces, but four of the ewes receiving lower Se dosages had H. contortus egg counts ≥1,000 eggs/g feces (P = 0.04). Our results suggest that supranutritional Se-yeast supplementation may enhance resistance to naturally occurring H. contortus gastrointestinal parasitism in sheep.

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Involvement of free radicals in parasitic infestations

Cited by 21 publications

References 81 publications

Host-Parasite Interaction in Sarcoptes scabiei Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India

Host-Parasite Interaction in Sarcoptes scabiei Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India

Parasite worm antigens instruct macrophages to release immunoregulatory extracellular vesicles

Effect of Selenium Yeast Supplementation on Naturally Acquired Parasitic Infection in Ewes

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