Involvement of DNA mismatch repair systems to create genetic diversity in plants for speed breeding programs

Karthika, VM; Babitha, K. C.; Kiranmai, K.; Shankar, A. G.; Vemanna, Ramu S.; Udayakumar, M.

doi:10.1007/s40502-020-00521-9

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Due to the climatic change and increasing population, there is an urgent need for new cultivars with improved stress adaptation with higher yields with higher nutritional values. , Targeting the MMR genes by new genome editing tools could act complementary to the existing methods of mutagenesis . The mutations in MMR genes could create a mutator phenotype with random accumulation of INDELs in the whole genome that can provide many benefits for plant breeders and plant science in general.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Disruption in the DNA Mismatch Repair Gene MSH2 by CRISPR-Cas9 in Indica Rice Can Create Genetic Variability

Karthika

Chandrashekar

Kiranmai

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Genetic variation is crucial for crop improvement. We adopted a gene editing approach to create variations in the rice genome by targeting the mutator locus homolog 2 (MSH2), a DNA mismatch repair gene. The hypothesis is that disruption of the MSH2 gene leads to a reduced DNA mismatch repair that creates INDELs, resulting in altered phenotypes. The Indica rice (IR-64) genotype was transformed with a guide RNA targeted to the MSH2 gene using an Agrobacterium-mediated in planta method. Many plants showed integration of Cas9 and gRNA constructs in rice plants. One of the msh2 mutants showed a superior phenotype due to editing and possible INDELs in the whole genome. The stable integration of the transgene and its flanking sequence analysis confirms no disruption of any gene, and the observed phenotype is due to the mutations in the MSH2 gene. Few transgenic plants showed disruption of genes due to T-DNA integration that led to altered phenotypes. The plants with altered phenotypes having more tiller number, early flowering, and robust growth with a high biomass were identified. These genetically reprogrammed rice plants could be a potential resource to create more segregating population or act as donor lines to stabilize the important agronomic traits that may help in a speed breeding process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The T-DNA-containing lines may be segregated, and they may be non-transgenic plants with stable phenotypes. Another option is to have active mismatch repair proteins back in the genetically reprogrammed plants by backcrossing with their native wild-type cultivar, which is an appropriate strategy to develop stable plants …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption in the DNA Mismatch Repair Gene MSH2 by CRISPR-Cas9 in Indica Rice Can Create Genetic Variability

Karthika

Chandrashekar

Kiranmai

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…As SB is an emerging area of plant breeding, more techniques such as high‐throughput phenotyping, multi‐trait phenotyping, next‐generation sequencing, CRISPR‐Cas9 and DNA mismatch repair to create genetic diversity can be integrated at a different level of the breeding cycle to hasten the rapid breeding of crop plants (Hickey et al, 2019; Karthika et al, 2020). Faster and better phenotyping with advanced plant phenotyping platforms could reduce the cost with the challenge of data and image processing.…”

Section: Potential Strategies Adopted For the Sb Programmementioning

confidence: 99%

Combining speed breeding with traditional and genomics‐assisted breeding for crop improvement

Pandey

Singh²,

Parida

et al. 2022

Plant Breeding

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Accelerated crop growth strategy innovations are required as we reach saturation peaks regarding the productivity of major food crops. Speed breeding (SB) is one of the most promising technologies adopted for this purpose. SB hastens crop production by reducing plant growth and development, breeding time and swift generation advancement. Prolonged daily light exposure shortens the life cycle in some long-day or day-neutral plants leading to early seed harvest. This approach is best suited for controlled environment prebreeding/breeding activities and analysed for several crop species. SB can be integrated with different traditional and advanced genomicsassisted breeding technologies like marker-assisted selection (MAS), genomic selection (GS), pollen-based selection (PBS), overexpression/knock-down transgenics and genome editing to achieve more precise and faster results on translational genetic enhancement. This review will discuss the approaches and strategies adopted for the SB and its potential to integrate existing crop improvement technologies to attain more efficient outcomes on major food crops' varietal improvement.

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“…Living organisms, including plants, are protected against DNA damage caused by endogenous and exogenous factors by means of DNA repair mechanisms [ 56 , 57 ]. In plants, unrepaired DNA damage can lead to early onset of senescence [ 58 ].…”

Section: Systems Biology Approaches Of Ageing Suggest Primary Metabolic Processes As Major Age-regulating Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary metabolic processes as drivers of leaf ageing

Kanojia

Shrestha

Dijkwel

2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Ageing in plants is a highly coordinated and complex process that starts with the birth of the plant or plant organ and ends with its death. A vivid manifestation of the final stage of leaf ageing is exemplified by the autumn colours of deciduous trees. Over the past decades, technological advances have allowed plant ageing to be studied on a systems biology level, by means of multi-omics approaches. Here, we review some of these studies and argue that these provide strong support for basic metabolic processes as drivers for ageing. In particular, core cellular processes that control the metabolism of chlorophyll, amino acids, sugars, DNA and reactive oxygen species correlate with leaf ageing. However, while multi-omics studies excel at identifying correlative processes and pathways, molecular genetic approaches can provide proof that such processes and pathways control ageing, by means of knock-out and ectopic expression of predicted regulatory genes. Therefore, we also review historic and current molecular evidence to directly test the hypotheses unveiled by the systems biology approaches. We found that the molecular genetic approaches, by and large, confirm the multi-omics-derived hypotheses with notable exceptions, where there is scant evidence that chlorophyll and DNA metabolism are important drivers of leaf ageing. We present a model that summarises the core cellular processes that drive leaf ageing and propose that developmental processes are tightly linked to primary metabolism to inevitably lead to ageing and death.

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Involvement of DNA mismatch repair systems to create genetic diversity in plants for speed breeding programs

Cited by 11 publications

References 136 publications

Disruption in the DNA Mismatch Repair Gene MSH2 by CRISPR-Cas9 in Indica Rice Can Create Genetic Variability

Disruption in the DNA Mismatch Repair Gene MSH2 by CRISPR-Cas9 in Indica Rice Can Create Genetic Variability

Combining speed breeding with traditional and genomics‐assisted breeding for crop improvement

Primary metabolic processes as drivers of leaf ageing

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