Involvement of CsERF2 in leaf variegation of Cymbidium sinense ‘Dharma’

Gao, Jie; Xu, Qin; Yang, Fengming; Zhu, Genfa

doi:10.1007/s00425-020-03426-x

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Previously, we observed that the chloroplast ultrastructure of leaf‐colour mutants of C . sinense showed abnormal starch granule enlargement (Gao et al ., 2020 ), which indicated that sugar metabolism was abnormal in the chloroplast. Sugars are the primary end product of CO 2 assimilation and act as a retrograde signal to modulate expression of nuclear‐encoded PS genes (Rolland et al ., 2006 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sinense have focused on traditional biology such as embryology, physiology, genetic diversity and population structure (Huang et al ., 1998 ; Li and Zhang, 2016 ; Lu et al ., 2011 ). Recent research involves micropropagation (Gao et al ., 2014 ), chemical variation in essential oils (Li et al ., 2017 ) and the unigenes associated with flower development (Su et al ., 2018a , 2018b , 2018a , 2018b ; Zhang et al ., 2013 ), leaf colour variation (Gao et al ., 2020 ; Zhu et al ., 2015 ) and the origin of pelorism (Su et al ., 2018b ). However, for specific traits that model plants lack, such as unique perianth development, purple‐black flower colour and fragrance (Hsu et al ., 2015a ; Kim et al ., 2016 ; Pan et al ., 2014 ), research methods for isolation of homologous genes by a reverse genetic strategy are severely restricted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The genome of Cymbidium sinense revealed the evolution of orchid traits

Yang

Gao

Wei

et al. 2021

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary The Orchidaceae is of economic and ecological importance and constitutes ˜10% of all seed plant species. Here, we report a genome physical map for Cymbidium sinense, a well‐known species belonging to genus Cymbidium that has thousands of natural variation varieties of flower organs, flower and leaf colours and also referred as the King of Fragrance, which make it arose into a unique cultural symbol in China. The high‐quality chromosome‐scale genome assembly was 3.52 Gb in size, 29 638 protein‐coding genes were predicted, and evidence for whole‐genome duplication shared with other orchids was provided. Marked amplification of cytochrome‐ and photosystem‐related genes was observed, which was consistent with the shade tolerance and dark green leaves of C. sinense. Extensive duplication of MADS‐box genes, and the resulting subfunctional and expressional differentiation, was associated with regulation of species‐specific flower traits, including wild‐type and mutant‐type floral patterning, seasonal flowering and ecological adaption. CsSEP4 was originally found to positively regulate gynostemium development. The CsSVP genes and their interaction proteins CsAP1 and CsSOC1 were significantly expanded and involved in the regulation of low‐temperature‐dependent flowering. Important genetic clues to the colourful leaf traits, purple‐black flowers and volatile trait in C. sinense were also found. The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of important phenotypic traits of Cymbidium and its evolution and serve as a powerful platform for future evolutionary studies and molecular breeding of orchids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of Cymbidium sinense revealed the evolution of orchid traits

Yang

Gao

Wei

et al. 2021

Plant Biotechnology Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Such kinds of mutants in which variegated leaves can be stably inherited and preserved make it possible for artificial selection and the development of new ornamental cultivars. Accordingly, the coloration mechanisms of variegated leaves mutants aroused more interests and have been studied at multiple levels in multiple species [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Mapping of BoVl Conferring the Variegated Leaf in Ornamental Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)

Ren

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Ornamental kale, as a burgeoning landscaping plant, is gaining popularity for its rich color patterns in leaf and cold tolerance. Leaf variegation endows ornamental kale with unique ornamental characters, and the mutants are ideal materials for exploring the formation mechanisms of variegated phenotype. Herein, we identified a novel variegated leaf kale mutant ‘JC007-2B’ with green margins and white centers. Morphological observations and physiological determinations of the green leaf stage (S1), albino stage (S2) and variegated leaf stage (S3) demonstrated that the chloroplast structure and photosynthetic pigment content in the white sectors (S3_C) of variegated leaves were abnormal. Genetic analysis revealed that a single dominant nuclear gene (BoVl) controlled the variegated leaf trait of ‘JC007-2B’, and three candidate genes for BoVl were fine-mapped to a 6.74 Kb interval on chromosome C03. Multiple sequence alignment among the green-leaf mapping parent ‘BS’, recombinant individuals, mutant parent ‘JC007-2B’ and its same originated DH line population established that the mutation sites in Bo3g002080 exhibited a complete consensus. Bo3g002080, homologous to Arabidopsis MED4, was identified as the candidate gene for BoVl. Expression analysis showed that Bo3g002080 displayed a 2158.85-fold higher expression at albino stage than that in green leaf stage. Transcriptome analysis showed that related pathways of photosynthesis and chloroplast development were significantly enriched in the white sectors, and relevant DEGs involved in these pathways were almost down-regulated. Overall, our study provides a new gene resource for cultivar breeding in ornamental kale and contributes to uncovering the molecular genetic mechanism underlying the variegated leaf formation.

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“…In plant species other than Arabidopsis , it was found that mutation in chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 gene could lead to variegation in Helianthus annuus L. [ 12 ]. In Cymbidium sinense , the ethylene response factors (ERFs) gene CsERF2 played crucial roles in leaf variegation [ 13 ]. Moreover, data showed that disruption of carotene biosynthesis in Brassica napus also led to abnormal plastids and variegated leaves [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological and Transcriptomic Analysis Provide Insights into the Formation of Variegated Leaves in Ilex × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’

Zhang

Huang

Zhou

et al. 2021

Plants

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Ilex × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’ is an attractive ornamental plant bearing yellow-green variegated leaves. However, the mechanisms underlying the formation of leaf variegation in this species are still unclear. Here, the juvenile yellow leaves and mature variegated leaves of I. altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’ were compared in terms of leaf structure, pigment content and transcriptomics. The results showed that no obvious differences in histology were noticed between yellow and variegated leaves, however, ruptured thylakoid membranes and altered ultrastructure of chloroplasts were found in yellow leaves (yellow) and yellow sectors of the variegated leaves (variegation). Moreover, the yellow leaves and the yellow sectors of variegated leaves had significantly lower chlorophyll compared to green sectors of the variegated leaves (green). In addition, transcriptomic sequencing identified 1675 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the three pairwise comparisons (yellow vs. green, variegation vs. green, yellow vs. variegation). Expression of magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (MgPME) [oxidative] cyclase, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) synthase and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) synthase were decreased in the yellow leaves. Altogether, chlorophyll deficiency might be the main factors driving the formation of leaf variegation in I.altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’.

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Involvement of CsERF2 in leaf variegation of Cymbidium sinense ‘Dharma’

Abstract: Main conclusion CsERF2, an ethylene response factor, plays a role in leaf variegation.

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

The genome of Cymbidium sinense revealed the evolution of orchid traits

The genome of Cymbidium sinense revealed the evolution of orchid traits

Fine Mapping of BoVl Conferring the Variegated Leaf in Ornamental Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)

Cytological and Transcriptomic Analysis Provide Insights into the Formation of Variegated Leaves in Ilex × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’

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