The adhesion of bacteria on a biomaterial surface significant complement activation. PMN adhesion on the biois believed to be the first step in the development of biomate-material surface was sensitive to shear stress and minimal rial-related infection. The goal of this study was to investigate at shear stress Ͼ10 dynes/cm 2 . Low concentrations of bactethe mechanisms that permit adherent bacteria to persist on ria could induce a significant increase in the expression of the surface of an implanted cardiovascular biomaterial. We PMN adhesion molecules CD11b and CD11c. We conclude hypothesized that circulating leukocytes are unable to adhere that the presence of bacteria induces PMN activation but to the biomaterial surface under physiologic shear stress con-does not increase PMN adhesion on biomaterial surfaces ditions, and this prevents them from interacting with adher-under physiologic shear stress conditions. This could be a ent bacteria. To address this hypothesis, we investigated the major mechanism that protects adherent bacteria from PMN adhesion profiles of Staphylococcus epidermidis and polymor-antibacterial activity. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed phonuclear leukocytes (PMN), incubated under controlled Mater Res, 35, 409-420, 1997. shear stress conditions with the test biomaterial. We found that bacteria could adhere on the biomaterial surface, even