Invited Commentary: Physical Activity, Mortality, and Genetics

Rankinen, Tuomo; Bouchard, Claude

doi:10.1093/aje/kwm130

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The significant difference in the DZ pairs suggests that the association between physical activity and the outcome variables is not due to childhood environmental effects, but we cannot of course exclude the effect of genetic predisposition on the results. A Swedish twin study by Carlsson et al 2007 [12] found a difference in mortality among activity-discordant MZ pairs, but their study had limitations as they did not exclude subjects with chronic diseases at baseline [12,17]. Although we only had a small number of MZ pairs, the study shows that it is important to investigate the genes which are associated with both physical activity and the underlying causes of diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This study was able to tackle the issue of genetic influence and shared environment, but the study was conducted among healthy and already chronically diseased subjects. Therefore, as stated by Rankinen and Bouchard in the commentary [17], this study cannot be used to conclude the matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, this association has only been investigated in observational studies and no randomized controlled trials are available to support the findings [14,15]. This association could also be affected by genetic factors predisposing to sedentariness [16,17], which also affects lifespan. A Swedish twin study by Carlsson et al 2007 [12] found that physical activity independently protects against death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical activity, morbidity and mortality in twins: a 24-year prospective follow-up

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to find out whether persistent leisure-time physical activity, adjusted for genetic liability and childhood experiences, protect against occurrence of specific chronic diseases and all-cause mortality. Study design was a 24-year prospective follow-up after 6-year physical activity discordance in twin pairs. From 5663 healthy adult twin pairs, 146 pairs (including 29 mozygotic) discordant for both intensity and volume of leisure physical activity at baseline in both 1975 and 1981 were systematically identified.Mortality and occurrence of chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease defined according to reimbursable medication status) were followed for the period 1.1.1983 -31.12.2006 for mortality and 1.1.1983 -31.12.2004 for diseases. By end of follow-up, 19 inactive and 10 active co-twins had died. In the whole sample, HR of death adjusted for social class was 2.08 (95 % CI 1.06 -4.09) for inactive vs. active co-twins, the HR being 2.67 (95 % CI 1.15 -6.20) among DZ pairs with no mortality difference among the smaller number of discordant MZ pairs. The reimbursable medication analyses showed a tendency of higher risk for inactive vs. active co-twins. Among DZ pairs, HR of diabetes medication adjusted for social class was 2.73 (95 % CI 0.62 -12.00) and HR of hypertension medication was 2.14 (95 % CI 0.94 -4.89). This study supports the earlier findings that physical activity is associated with reduced mortality. However the difference was seen only in DZ pairs and therefore some residual genetic confounding effects on mortality cannot be excluded.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical activity, morbidity and mortality in twins: a 24-year prospective follow-up

et al. 2010

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“…48 The effect of physical activity on the risk of premature death might be modulated by genetic differences. 49 Recent results in Swedish twins, however, argue against genetics as a cause of the association between physical activity and mortality. 50 In addition, inactive twins have been reported to have shorter telomere lengths corresponding to higher biological age by up to 10 years compared with their more active co-twin.…”

Section: Possible Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total mortality after changes in leisure time physical activity in 50 year old men: 35 year follow-up of population based cohort

2010

BMJ

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“…2 Researchers recognize that physical inactivity is a risk factor for many health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, some forms of cancer, and obesity. 3 For example, the population attributable risk increases significantly for several chronic diseases such as stroke (24.3%), hypertension (13.8%), and Type 2 diabetes (21.1%), due to physical inactivity and the risk for hypertension (34%), and Type 2 diabetes (28.6%) increases even more due to obesity. 4 Consequently, physical inactivity has been held responsible for approximately two million deaths per year worldwide 5 and is defined as an actual cause of chronic diseases by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driven to Be Inactive?—The Genetics of Physical Activity

Moore-Harrison

Lightfoot

2010

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science

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The health implications of physical inactivity, including its integral role in promoting obesity, are well known and have been well documented. Physical activity is a multifactorial behavior with various factors playing a role in determining individual physical activity levels. Research using both human and animal models in the past several years has clearly indicated that genetics is associated with physical activity. Furthermore, researchers have identified several significant and suggestive genomic quantitative trait loci associated with physical activity. To date, the identities of the causal genes underlying physical activity regulation are unclear, with few strong candidate genes. The current research provides a foundation from which future confirmatory research can be launched as well as determination of the mechanisms through which the genetic factors act. The application of this knowledge could significantly augment the information available for physical activity behavior change interventions resulting in more efficient programs for those predisposed to be inactive.

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Invited Commentary: Physical Activity, Mortality, and Genetics

Cited by 29 publications

References 17 publications

Physical activity, morbidity and mortality in twins: a 24-year prospective follow-up

Physical activity, morbidity and mortality in twins: a 24-year prospective follow-up

Total mortality after changes in leisure time physical activity in 50 year old men: 35 year follow-up of population based cohort

Driven to Be Inactive?—The Genetics of Physical Activity

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