“…For instance, the combination of density functional theory (DFT), intramolecular energy transfer (IET) theory, and rate equation modelling has enabled researchers to calculate the quantum yield, which is the ratio between absorbed and emitted photons ( Kasprzycka et al, 2020 ; Carneiro Neto et al, 2022 ; Moura et al, 2022b ; Moura et al, 2022c). These theoretical advancements have allowed for the design of lanthanide-based materials with tailored photophysical properties suitable for a wide range of applications, such as optical sensing ( Almeida et al, 2022 ; Ramalho et al, 2022 ), optical thermometry ( Lyubov et al, 2022 ; Salerno et al, 2022 ), bioimaging ( Piñol et al, 2020 ; Yao et al, 2023 ), and light-emitting devices ( Kido et al, 1993 ; Hernández‐Rodríguez et al, 2023 ).…”