Invisible Access Needs of People With Intellectual Disabilities: A Conceptual Model of Practice

Abstract

Introduction: One of the important aims of equal rights legislation is enshrining the right to equal and active participation in society for people with disabilities. Most such laws include sections emphasizing accessibility, the degree to which a system, facility or service is usable without modification by as many people as possible, as a major enabler of participation. Ramps and Braille-encoded elevator panels are nearly ubiquitous examples of common accessibility accommodations. Yet similar accommodations for people with intellectual disabilities are nearly absent, as their accessibility needs are often invisible to legislators, professionals and lay people alike.

Patient‐reported outcome measures for young people with developmental disabilities: incorporation of design features to reduce cognitive demands

“…7,18,21 To support motivation and self-efficacy, assessment developers can explicitly incorporate features such as encouragement, self-pacing, and content and response format individualization in administration instructions. 4,5,24 Further, since the literature documents concern the abilitity of young people with developmental disabilities to understand how to use rating scales, 5 providing teaching, practice, or example items may be critical to ensure young people’s comprehension and reduce frustration.…”

“…1 A PROM is an evaluation of ‘the status of a patient’s health condition that comes directly from the patient, without interpretation of the patient’s response by a clinician or anyone else.’ 3 Young people with developmental disabilities often have cognitive impairments that can make it difficult to read, interpret, and respond to a PROM. 4–6 Rather than discounting the ability of young people to use PROMs because of such impairments, clinicians and researchers should carefully consider how a PROM’s design may impact a young person’s ability to access PROMs, and subsequently, their involvement in healthcare decision-making and research.…”

Protection of Privacy of Information Rights among Young Adults with Developmental Disabilities

“…Using an accountability model for ensuring that Canadian privacy standards are in place 4. Yalon-Chanimiz, 2009 Review of literature and a conceptual model Adults with intellectual disability USA Personal health information Collection access Autonomy 1. People with ID experience processing delay, low literacy, stigma 2.…”

“…This related to access issues based in the interactions between YADD and their community and service providers. Barriers included insufficient knowledge leading to limited use of the existing legislation (Keith, 2004 ; Mental Health Commission of Canada (MHCC), 2015 ; Mills, et al, 2003 ; Repetto, et al, 2008 ; Rule, 2004 ; Simcoe York Dual Diagnosis Education Committee (SYDDEC), 2015 ; Wellington North, 2015 ), fear of reprisal for making a complaint (Joffe, 2010 ), lack of transparency regarding online social media platforms (Siegel et al, 2009 ; Rule, 2004 ), and use of overly complex language and presentation of rules (Siegel et al, 2009 ; Yalon-Chamovitz, 2009 ). Most noteworthy was the observation of a failure among organizations to provide appropriate accommodations to better support consent for collection and use of personal information and advocacy (Dyke et al, 2016 ; Joffe, 2010 ; Lafky & Horan, 2011 ; Larivie’re-Bastien & Racine, 2011 ; Mills et al, 2003 ; Wolbring, & Leopatra, 2013 ; Yalon-Chamovitz, 2009 ).…”

Mentally Challengedwayfinders

“…This leads to the difficulty in understanding the built environment. There are four challenges facing the mentally challenged in their participating and accessibility within built environment [13]: The pace with the information needed to be processed while the society interacts at a high level, the complexity level in instructions: instead of simplifying the information for them, the services providers tend to speak loudly or in childish ways, the literacy level, which is a great obstacle for the mentally challenged and Stigma, still the mentally challenged treated as patients or people in need of protection and to be supervised.…”