“…Chava (2014) and Matsumura, Prakash, and Vera-Muñoz (2014) find that financial markets penalize firms with more negative environmental externalities. 3 The firm-value price of carbon emissions, however, is also known to be influenced by various factors, including the saliency of extreme weather events (e.g., Choi, Gao, andJiang, 2019, Pankratz, Bauer, andDerwall, 2019) and the political uncertainty surrounding environmental regulation (e.g., Ilhan, Sautner, andVilkov, 2019 andRamelli, Wagner, Zeckhauser, andZiegler, 2019). Our paper contributes to this debate by providing novel evidence that the markets' pricing of carbon intensity reacts to environmental activism.…”