Investigations on the weld metal composition and associated weld metal cracking in laser beam welded steel copper dissimilar joints

Rinne, Jonas; Seffer, Oliver; Nothdurft, Sarah; Hermsdorf, Jörg; Kaierle, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2021.117178

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The dilution rate plays a significant role in the occurrence of microscopic elemental segregation within the weld. This, in combination with the cooling rate and welding thermal stresses, can potentially lead to the formation of solidification cracks in the weld [14]. In this study, the dilution rate is estimated by measuring the ratio of the melted area in the cross-section.…”

Section: Macroscopic Morphology Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of Laser-Welded 316L/In601 Dissimilar Overlap Joints in High-Temperature Thermocouple

Wang,

Zhao,

Luo

et al. 2023

Materials

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Heat input, a crucial factor in the optimization of high-temperature thermocouple laser welding, has a significant impact on the appearance and mechanical properties of dissimilar welded joints involving stainless-steel- and nickel-based alloys. This study focuses on laser overlay welding of austenitic stainless steels and nickel-based alloys. The findings indicate that an increase in heat input has a more pronounced effect on the penetration depth and dilution rate. Under high heat input, the weld has cracks, spatter, and other defects. Additionally, considerable amounts of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) elements are observed outside the grain near the crack, and their presence increases with higher heat input levels. Phase analysis reveals the presence of numerous Cr2Fe14C and Fe3Ni2 phases within the weld. The heat input increases to the range of 30–35 J/mm, and the weld changes from shear fracture to tensile fracture. In the center of the molten pool, the Vickers hardness is greater than that of the base metal, while in the fusion zone, the Vickers hardness is lower than that of the base metal. The overall hardness is in a downward trend with the increase of heat input, and the minimum hardness is only 159 HV0.3 at 40 J/mm. The heat input falls within the range of 28–30 J/mm, and the temperature shock resistance is at its peak.

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Section: Macroscopic Morphology Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of Laser-Welded 316L/In601 Dissimilar Overlap Joints in High-Temperature Thermocouple

Wang,

Zhao,

Luo

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…When the above process methods are used to weld multilayer Cu foils materials, there are mainly high temperatures or vibrations that affect the safety performance of the batteries and the high cost of use, which has become the major problem in the flexible connection of new energy vehicle. [2][3][4][5] The invention of friction-stir-welding (FSW) provides a new welding technology with wide application prospects. Machniewicz et al 6 have mentioned that FSW can be used as one method for welding Cu metals, when braze welding does not yield sufficient weld strength and the use of conventional fusion welding is hampered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of continuous dynamic-recrystallisation on high-property multilayer Cu foils joint by friction-stir-welding

Li,

Deng,

Zeng

et al. 2024

Materials Science and Technology

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In this experiment, friction-stir-welding was proposed to research the flexible connection of multilayer Cu foils. It studies the correlation between hardness, conductivity, and continuous dynamic-recrystallisation. New grains of continuous dynamic-recrystallisation have a correlation between the dislocation density and the grain size, such that a lower dislocation density corresponds to a higher grain size and vice versa. It is shown that after friction-stir-welding of multilayer Cu foils, the hardness increases and the conductivity decreases due to the combined effect of fine grain strengthening and dislocation strengthening for new grains of continuous dynamic-recrystallisation of the weld zone. However, the hardness gradually decreases and conductivity gradually increases within the weld zone with continuous dynamic-recrystallisation degree.

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“…However, welding steel-copper composites faces significant challenges due to notable disparities in the physical, chemical, and metallurgical properties between copper and steel. These challenges include the restricted solubility of copper in iron and the propensity to generate coarse-grained microstructures [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Single-Pulse Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metal Combination of Thin SUS303 SS and Cu

Huang,

Feng

2023

JMMP

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The present study investigated the dissimilar metal combination of SUS303 stainless steel (SS) and pure copper C19210 by utilizing a fiber pulse laser to perform lap welding. The weld quality was evaluated through metallurgical and mechanical examinations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), as well as tensile and shear tests. The cross-section of the weld joints was observed to examine the penetration inside the molten zone of the pulse laser welding. The incomplete weld penetration depth was confirmed by analyzing the molten pool geometry, which indicated that the penetration depth was proportional to the pulse heat energy input. EDS analysis demonstrated that interdiffusion and dissolution of Cu and SS occurred inside the weld pool, although only a limited amount of Cu was melted. Microhardness (MH) exploration revealed the hardness of the molten zone was lower than that of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) on the SS side, while the hardness on the Cu side, closer to the molten zone, was higher. The results of the tensile test indicated that the fracture occurred in the HAZ on the Cu side, displaying a dimpled fracture mode characteristic of ductile fracture.

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Investigations on the weld metal composition and associated weld metal cracking in laser beam welded steel copper dissimilar joints

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of Laser-Welded 316L/In601 Dissimilar Overlap Joints in High-Temperature Thermocouple

Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of Laser-Welded 316L/In601 Dissimilar Overlap Joints in High-Temperature Thermocouple

Effect of continuous dynamic-recrystallisation on high-property multilayer Cu foils joint by friction-stir-welding

Investigation of Single-Pulse Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metal Combination of Thin SUS303 SS and Cu

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