Investigations on the use of on-farm resources as pond inputs to culture Tilapia rendalli and Oreochromis shiranus on smallholder farms in rural Malawi

Chikafumbwa, F.J.K.; Costa‐Pierce, Barry A.; Jamu, Daniel; Kadongola, Winston K.; Balarin, J.D.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(93)90324-r

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Extrapolated net yields obtained in this experiment from chicken manure (1255 kg ha −1 year −1 ) were within the range of those reported by other earlier researchers in Malawi (Costa‐Pierce, Lightfoot, Ruddle & Pullin 1991; Chikafumbwa et al 1993, Brummett & Noble 1995b). Brooks, Dickson and Maluwa (1997) reported T. rendalli raised in ponds with fertilization produced net yields ranging from 1000 to 1500 kg ha −1 year −1 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The specific growth rates of fish in this study were significantly higher in chicken manure treated ponds. Chikafumbwa, Costa‐Pierce, Jamu, Kadongola and Balarin (1993) reported low growth rates for T. rendalli (0.42% day −1 ) and Oreochromis shiranus (0.37% day −1 ) in ponds supplied with napier grass, Pennisetum perpureum . However, their results compare well with the specific growth rates in the cattle manure (0.42% day −1 ) and pig manure (0.43% day −1 ) teatments reported in this experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Effect of using different types of organic animal manure on plankton abundance, and on growth and survival of Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger) in ponds

2006

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of using different types of organic manure on the plankton abundance, and growth and survival of Tilapia rendalli juveniles in ponds. Fish weighing 18.15±0.44 g were stocked into 12, 20 m2 ponds at 2 fish m−2 (40 fish pond−1). There were three replicate ponds per treatment (chicken manure, cattle manure, pig manure, and no‐manure as a control). After 84 days the T. rendalli in the chicken manure treatment were significantly larger and had higher net annual yields than those in the cattle manure, pig manure and no‐manure treatments. The survival rates were not significantly different across the treatments. Significantly higher amounts of chlorophyll a and higher numbers of zooplankton were found in ponds fertilized with the chicken manure treatment. The overall results obtained in this study suggest that the use of chicken manure produces better results than cattle and pig manure treatments on unfertilized ponds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of using different types of organic animal manure on plankton abundance, and on growth and survival of Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger) in ponds

2006

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“…(2005) also observed higher net yields (4469 kg ha −1 ) of O. niloticus for WB than in the present study. No yield data in Kenya are available for MB under semi‐intensive culture conditions but good fish yields have been reported from MB in Malawi by Chikafumbwa et al. (1993) and Chikafumbwa (1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and economic performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fed on three brans (maize, wheat and rice) in fertilized ponds

et al. 2006

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Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) was fed rice bran (RB), wheat bran (WB) and maize bran (MB) at 1.5% body weight. Fingerlings averaging 14 g were stocked at 19 462 fish ha−1 in three treatments with six replicates per treatment. Clarias gariepinus was stocked at 250 fish ha−1 to reduce the density of tilapia fry. Growth and economic performance were compared for 250 days in 0.08 ha fertilized ponds. Fish growth was highest (P < 0.05) in MB and least in RB treatment. Growth in WB treatment was intermediate. Feed conversion ratio in MB and WB treatments was similar (P > 0.05), but significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in RB treatment. Water quality parameters were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. At retail price of US$ 1.28 kg−1 fish, returns above both variable and total costs from MB and WB treatments were positive, while those from RB were negative. However, at US$ 1.79 kg−1 fish, all test‐feeds had positive returns above variable and total costs. In conclusion, MB treatment produced the highest growth, but the highest profitability was obtained in the WB treatment. Under present study conditions, RB was not cost‐effective in the production of O. niloticus. A selling price of US$ 1.79 kg−1 fish is recommended.

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“…The expanded model was calibrated and verified using literature parameter values and data from fish production experiments carried out at the Malawi National Aquaculture Center (Chikafumbwa, Costa‐Pierce, Jamu, Kadongola & Balarin 1993; Brummett & Noble 1995). The model was then tested with an independent data set from fish production experiments (Maluwa & Costa‐Pierce 1993; Brummett 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To apply , the following assumptions were incorporated in the model: fingerling cost of US$0.01 fingerling −1 ; the price of fish of US$0.89 kg −1 , which is assumed to be constant and independent of fish size; feed cost of US$0.02 kg −1 and total weigh for supplemental food (maize bran) per day was 3% of mean fish body weight (Chikafumbwa et al 1993) multiplied by the fish population; cost of harvest labour at US$111 ha −1 harvest −1 , the current minimum rural wage rate; discount rate of 50%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of optimal harvesting strategies for small-scale mixed-sex tilapia (Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger 1896) ponds using a bio-economic model

et al. 2007

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A cohort‐based bio‐economic biomass growth and economic model, validated with data from experiments conducted in Malawi, was used to identify an optimal harvesting strategy for mixed‐sex tilapia ponds. Three harvesting scenarios (baseline, economic optimum time +10 days and economic optimum time) were used. In each harvesting scenario four options were explored: (i) no further harvest, harvest every (ii) 60 days, (iii) 90 days and (iv) 120 days after initial harvest. The lowest simulated yield (487 kg ha−1 year−1) was obtained when no partial harvesting was carried out and fish were harvested after 365 days. Maximum yield (4416 kg ha−1 year−1) was obtained when partial harvests were carried out every 90 days starting with a first harvest of fish weighing 60 g or more at day 90. Maximum financial returns (US$2561 ha−1 year−1) were obtained when partial harvests were carried out every 120 days starting with the first harvest at day 90 and removing all fish ≥60 g. The model simulations indicate that mixed‐sex tilapia culture may be profitable for tilapia farmers in Africa where markets accept small (60–150 g)‐sized fish. The study further shows that a cohort‐based population growth model can be reliably incorporated in tilapia production models to simulate fish yields in mixed‐sex tilapia production systems. However, incorporation of intergenerational competition effects could improve the model's utility as a decision support tool for managing mixed‐sex tilapia production.

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Investigations on the use of on-farm resources as pond inputs to culture Tilapia rendalli and Oreochromis shiranus on smallholder farms in rural Malawi

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Effect of using different types of organic animal manure on plankton abundance, and on growth and survival of Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger) in ponds

Effect of using different types of organic animal manure on plankton abundance, and on growth and survival of Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger) in ponds

Growth and economic performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fed on three brans (maize, wheat and rice) in fertilized ponds

Simulation of optimal harvesting strategies for small-scale mixed-sex tilapia (Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger 1896) ponds using a bio-economic model

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