Investigations on the Sustainability of a Biofilter With Activated Packing Materials of Different Origins

Abstract

Experimental tests used a biofilter, a biological air treatment device, filled with a packing material of different origins. With the aim of achieving a higher treatment effectiveness of the device the filter was filled with a packing material composed of zeolite granules, foam cubes, wood chips and barks. Pollutant adsorption, absorption and biodegradation processes take place during biological air cleaning by applying different packing materials. As tests have shown, microorganisms predominant in the process of biocleaning can also propagate in the packing materials of inorganic origin composed of natural zeolite and foam. Through the cultivation of spontaneous microorganism associations the research determined the dependences of biofilter packing material's humidity, porosity, pressure drop and treatment effectiveness on the device's operation time. As proved by tests, when applying these packing materials a high air cleaning efficiency remains for quite a long period of time and varies from 88 to 98 %. As the tests have shown, the acetone adsorbed in zeolite pores was not discharged into the ambient air within the entire period of 900 days. This allows a conclusion that the desorbed acetone was degraded by microorganisms. After 900 days of device's operation effectiveness fell to 88%. A decrease in effectiveness resulted from diminished water retention of the packing material. Such a decrease was predetermined by a reduced fraction of the packing material, which results from pollutant degradation and the impact of microorganisms.

Acetone, Xylene and Ammonia Removal Enhancement in the Biofilter Packed With Steam Modified Biochar

“…For the assurance of biocharge capillary irrigation, tubes were immersed in a nutrient solution up to a depth of 7.5 cm. The solution of mineral salts was prepared by dissolving K 2 HPO 4 (1 g), KCl (0.5 g), MgSO 4 •7H 2 O (0.5 g), FeSO 4 •7H 2 O (0.1 g), NaNO 3 (0.9 g) in 1 L of water (Zagorskis et al, 2012). The relative humidity and air temperature near the biofilter were assessed using a humiditymeter M0290.…”

“…Physico-chemical properties of biocharges after biofiltration were analysed to assess the moisture content and pH. Moisture content of biocharge was evaluated by the weighting method, which is based on a material's mass decrease after drying (Zagorskis et al, 2012). Lids with caps were dried at 105 °C for 1 h in a drying chamber and then cooled to room temperature before sampling.…”

Lignoceliuliozinės žematemperatūrės bioanglies hidrofiliškumo didinimo tyrimai ir technologijos kūrimas

“…Physico-chemical properties of acetone, xylene, and ammonia, NDno data available (National Research Council, 2010;Bruneel et al, 2018) Kapiliariniam bioįkrovos drėkinimui užtikrinti užpildyti vamzdeliai buvo įmerkiami į biogeninių elementų tirpalą. Mineralinių druskų tirpalas, užtikrinantis mikroorganizmų vystymąsi, buvo gaminamas iš dikalcio fosfato, kalio chlorido, magnio sulfato, geležies sulfato ir natrio nitrato: K2HPO4 -1 g, KCl -0,5 g, MgSO4•7H2O -0,5 g, FeSO4•7H2O -0,1 g, NaNO3 -0,9 g, vanduo -1000 g (Zagorskis et al, 2012). Šis tirpalas buvo įpiltas į biofiltro rezervuarą iki 18 cm aukščio.…”

“…Po biofiltracijos tyrimo buvo vertinamas bioanglies ir plaušo mišinio drėgmės kiekis. Drėgmė bioįkrovoje buvo įvertinta svoriniu metodu (Zagorskis et al, 2012). Svorinis metodas remiasi masės kiekio sumažėjimu, šiuo atveju drėgmės kiekio sumažėjimu bioįkrovoje po džiovinimo (1 val.…”

“…The relative humidity and temperature at the biofilter were assessed using a moisture meter M0290. The moisture content of biocharge was assessed by the weighting method (Zagorskis et al, 2012). The biocharge was activated by the steam of all compounds (20 mg/m 3 ) for 2 weeks, after which the efficiency of biofilter air purification was monitored.…”