Investigations on the Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors of Avian Coccidiosis in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract

Avian coccidiosis is one of the most important diseases of poultry and it is responsible for a large number of poultry mortalities worldwide. This study was carried out to investigate the occurrence and associated risk factors of avian coccidiosis in Osun State, Nigeria. Fecal samples were collected and examined from 5,544 avian species that were brought for treatment at the state veterinary hospitals over a 10-year period. Parameters such as age, sex, season, and species of birds were determined. Also, the months of the year were taken into consideration. Overall prevalence of 41.3% was recorded. The year specific rate for avian coccidiosis was highest in 2007 (97.9%) and lowest in 2006 (0.4%), while the month-specific rate was highest in November (85.7%) and lowest in July 2006 (13.3%). There was a significantly (P < 0.05) higher prevalence in young birds compared to adults, in males compared to females, and during the wet season compared to the dry season. Broilers (99.8%) and cockerels (81.0%) were the bird types with the highest prevalence rate. The high prevalence of avian coccidiosis in the study area shows that the disease is endemic and there is need to embark on a radical preventive measure to curtail the disease.

Gastrointestinal parasites of different avian species in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria.

“…Avian species refers basically to domestic birds such as chickens (including indigenous breed, broilers, layers, and cockerels), turkeys, ducks, guinea fowls, peasants, pigeons, and more recently ostriches that are kept for meat or egg production [1].…”

Review on avian helminthoses diagnosed in Osun State veterinary clinics, southwest, Nigeria

“…Helminth prevalence of 52.0% has been reported in ducks in Tanzania (Muhairwa et al, 2007), 89.5% in scavenging chickens in Ethiopia (Hussen et al, 2012) and 58.8% among indigenous birds in India (Hembram et al, 2015). Several factors such as sampling periods, sample size, study design, geographical area, and climatic conditions affects the prevalence and epidemiology of animal diseases (Jegede et al, 2015;Ola-Fadunsin, 2017), and could have resulted in the disparity in the reported prevalence. The highest prevalence of helminthoses recorded among ducks compared to the other bird types may be associated with the nature of ducks, whereby they usually submerge their entire bill in water/mud and as such may pick up helminth eggs and/or their intermediate host (e.g.…”

“…This is due to the relative small capital required to start off, the ease of feed availability, the fast maturity of the birds and the universal acceptance in the consumption of poultry products (Udoh et al, 2014;Dauda et al, 2016). The poultry industry occupies a vital position in the provision of animal protein (meat and egg) to man and also play an important role in the national economy and socio-economic development of many developing countries of the world been a source of revenue (FOA, 2006, Ola-Fadunsin, 2017).…”

Gastrointestinal helminths of intensively managed poultry in Kwara Central, Kwara State, Nigeria: Its diversity, prevalence, intensity, and risk factors

“…Poultry production has increased constantly throughout the world over the past decades, and according to the Food and Agriculture Organization [3], around 75% of a total of 15 billion chickens is found in the developing countries [4]. In Nigeria, poultry is an important component of the livestock subsector with a total population of over 200 million [5,6]. This sector has developed to the level of commercial enterprise which provides employment, income, and animal protein for urban and rural dwellers as well as manure for crop production [6].…”

“…In Nigeria, poultry is an important component of the livestock subsector with a total population of over 200 million [5,6]. This sector has developed to the level of commercial enterprise which provides employment, income, and animal protein for urban and rural dwellers as well as manure for crop production [6]. It is an important instrument for alleviating problems associated with poverty in Nigeria and other developing countries (in terms of food security and malnutrition) [6].…”