Investigations on the chemical composition of the cell sap in the diatomcoscinodiscus wailesii (bacillariophyceae, centrales)

Kesseler, Hanswerner

doi:10.1007/bf01611710

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In contrast, at an ambient pH 8.7, the lowest value for the vacuolar pH was 5.6. These results correspond with the results of Kesseler ( 1967 ), who used indicator paper and estimated the pH of C. wailesii cell sap to be around 5. This vacuolar pH of ∼5 is relatively high compared to e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

pH effect on the susceptibility to parasitoid infection in the marine diatom Coscinodiscus spp. (Bacillariophyceae)

Kühn

Köhler-Rink

2008

Mar Biol

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The pH on the frustule of individual cells of the marine centric diatoms Coscinodiscus granii and Coscinodiscus wailesii (Bacillariophyceae) was measured with pH microsensors in culture media with increasing pH values of 8.04, 8.14, and 8.22, respectively. In 85–96% of the C.granii cells the pH on the frustule was up to 0.4 units higher than that of the medium, reaching a maximum pH 8.95. Only in 2–3% the surface pH exceeded that of the medium by up to 0.7 pH units. These results strongly suggest that diatoms in batch cultures differ, at least temporarily, in their individual photosynthetic activities. Infection experiments with the parasitoid nanoflagellate Pirsonia diadema (Stramenopile) showed that flagellates failed to infect when the culture pH was 8.8 and above. pH measurements on freshly infected C. granii showed that the prevalence of infection was higher in tendency on diatoms with low surface pH. Application of these results to parasitoid-diatom interactions in natural waters suggests that within phytoplankton populations a strong photosynthetic activity might prevent diatom cells temporarily from infection by pH-sensitive parasitoids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

pH effect on the susceptibility to parasitoid infection in the marine diatom Coscinodiscus spp. (Bacillariophyceae)

Kühn

Köhler-Rink

2008

Mar Biol

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“…This strongly indicates that the tonoplast was penetrated and acidic vacuole sap leaked both into the cytoplasm and outside the protoplast. Previous pH microsensor measurements had shown that the vacuolar pH of C. wailesii is in the range of pH 5-6 (Kühn and Köhler-Rink, submitted); rather lower values were shown for C. wailesii by Kesseler (1967) using an indicator paper technique. It is not clear, how the diatom cytoplasm reacted to this sudden influx of acidic fluid and recovered within less than 2 min from this major impact.…”

Section: Healing Of Impaled Diatom Cellsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Photosynthetic oscillation in individual cells of the marine diatom Coscinodiscus wailesii (Bacillariophyceae) revealed by microsensor measurements

Kühn

Raven

2007

Photosynth Res

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Oscillations with a period of 1-2 min in the rate of photosynthesis have been found in leaves of C(3 )and C(4 )land plants under invariant, saturating, light and carbon dioxide. This article reports the occurrence of similar oscillations with a period of 2-2.5 min in individual cells of the marine diatom Coscinodiscus wailesii. These oscillations were determined by measurements of both oxygen (oxygen microelectrode) and carbon dioxide (pH microelectrode) just outside the plasmalemma. These oscillations were found in less than 1% of the cells examined. The occurrence of oscillations in unicelluar diatoms rules out for these organisms hypotheses as to the origin of oscillations in land plant leaves that are based on cell-cell interactions.

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“…The classical theory of regulation by ionic exchange was challenged by works like those of Kesseler (1967Kesseler ( , 1974 who measured the chemical constituents of cell sap in two species of Coscinodiscus and found it to have a density higher than that of the medium. However, the theory has been revived more recently by Anderson & Sweeney ( I 977, I 978) with diatoms again (Ditylum) and by Kahn & Swift ( I 978) with the dinoflagellate Pyrocystis.…”

Section: (E) Cell Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Form and Function in Marine Phytoplankton

Sournia

1982

Biological Reviews

120

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Summary What is presented here is a tentative synthesis of morphological, cytological, physiological and ecological data on planktonic algae, which I hope will help in the understanding of mutual relationships. Emphasis is put on the marine phytoplankton although effort has been made to include the more significant limnological information. (1) All the algal classes, but two, are present in the marine plankton – which makes 13 classes. Many or most of them possess one or several features that are commonly viewed as animal characters, and so Bacillariophyceae (diatoms) are the more typical ‘algae’ in marine plankton. Coincidently or not, they have received much more attention than any other class. (2) Both structurally and morphodynamically, colonies of cells often appear as something else or something more than sums of cells. (3) There is a profuse variety of flagellar types and flagellar appendages, whose functional significance is open to investigation. In general, swimming velocity (ca. 1 m h‐l) exceeds sedimentation rate (ca. 0·7 m day‐1) by one order of magnitude or more. (4) Very few phytoplankters can truly be described as “naked”. Cell coverings fall into eight major categories which differ by chemical composition, structure and ontogeny. An additional, external organic coating may be widespread. Mucus and microfibrils may also be more common than previously thought. (5) The variability of chloroplast morphology and ultrastructure has not been explored for functional relationships. (6) Evidence for the presence of intracellular bacteria and viruses is rapidly increasing. (7) The suspension of algal cells in the medium depends on a number of morphological factors whose effects are often opposite. The sinking rate increases with increasing cell size and is maximum for spheroid (not spherical) shapes; colonies sink faster than the individual cells. The incidence of various shapes, appendages, mucilage and cell orientation is, essentially, intricate and/or insufficiently known. Lipidic inclusions are no longer viewed as floating devices but the ancient theory of ionic exchange has been revived. As now understood, the suspension of phytoplankton is no more a matter of floating, but rather exploring different layers and being tossed around by physical entrainment. However, questions remain the same: how do the “morphological adaptations” contribute to this, and how do different forms compare to each other? (8) As far as the absorption of nutrients is concerned, there is an advantage for phytoplankters to be small and either motile or rapidly sinking. The permeability of the various cell coverings has been ignored. The advantage of being small is confirmed by the consideration that growth rates and all the metabolic rates decrease with increasing size. However, the balance of photosynthesis against respiration for varying sizes is a complex problem. (9) After an extensive review of the literature, the existence of several “shade species” is confirmed (without ensuring that light is the responsible factor). These...

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Investigations on the chemical composition of the cell sap in the diatomcoscinodiscus wailesii (bacillariophyceae, centrales)

Abstract: Investigations on the chemical composition of the cell sap in the diatom Coscinodiscus,wailesii (Bacillariophyceae, Centrates). A sample of cells of the plankton diatom

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

pH effect on the susceptibility to parasitoid infection in the marine diatom Coscinodiscus spp. (Bacillariophyceae)

pH effect on the susceptibility to parasitoid infection in the marine diatom Coscinodiscus spp. (Bacillariophyceae)

Photosynthetic oscillation in individual cells of the marine diatom Coscinodiscus wailesii (Bacillariophyceae) revealed by microsensor measurements

Form and Function in Marine Phytoplankton

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