Investigations on nucleation kinetics, growth and characterization of sulphanilic acid single crystals

Abstract

Nucleation parameters such as radius of critical nucleus, critical free energy change and interfacial tension were evaluated for Sulphanilic acid (SAA) single crystals. Metastable zone width and induction period values were determined to optimize the growth parameters. The interfacial tension values estimated using the experimentally determined induction period is found to be comparable with theoretical values. SAA crystals were grown with the optimized growth parameters. The formation of SAA crystals was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and FT-IR studies. The density measurements were carried out by both theoretical and experimental methods. The NLO behaviour of SAA crystals was tested by Kurtz-Perry technique. The mechanical hardness was studied by Vickers Microhardness tester. The UV-Vis spectral analysis was carried out on the SAA crystals to study the optical properties. The laser damage threshold values of the SAA crystals are found to be 7.6 and 6.6 GW/cm 2 for single and multiple shots, respectively.

Microhardness studies on as‐grown (111) faces of some alkaline earth nitrates

“…It may be seen from this figure that with an increase in load upto 30 g the microhardness increases and becomes load independent. Similar observations are made on [18] and sulphanilic acid [19]. This trend has been attributed to reverse ISE.…”

Growth and characterization of sodium sulfanilate dihydrate (SSDH) crystals for NLO applications

“…The ring C-H vibration occurs at 3051.2 cm À1 . In the case of the sulphanilic acid, no broad band for O-H vibration overlapping with N-H vibration was observed at 3371.1 cm À1 , which confirms zwitterionic structure of sulfanilic acid [2]. However there is a broad band for O-H vibration overlapping with N-H vibration at 3419.4 cm À1 in sodium sulfanilate, which further ascertains the formation of the complex salt with the zwitterionic sulfanilic acid.…”

“…Sodium sulfanilate dihydrate (SSDH) is a complex salt of sulfanilic acid with intermolecular hydrogen bonding and non-zwitterionic structure, and was reported to have dosimetric properties [1] and good NLO behavior. The growth and characterization of sulfanilic acid have already been reported by us [2]. SSDH crystallizes in the orthorhombic structure with the space group P bca and the lattice parameters are a ¼ 23.895 Å , b ¼ 10.101 Å and c ¼ 7.944 Å .…”

Determination of Nucleation Kinetics of Cephradine in 0.5% Sodium Bisulfate (W/V) Solution

“…The induction time t ind is the sum of the relaxation time at which the system reaches quasi‐stable molecular clustering, the time taken to form a stable nucleus, and the time taken for the critical nucleus to grow to a detectable size . The induction period was deduced as follows.…”