Investigations on Net CO2 Assimilation, Transpiration and Root Growth of Fagus sylvatica Infested with Four Different Phytophthora Species

Fleischmann, F.; Schneider, Doron; Matyssek, Rainer; Oβwald, W.

doi:10.1055/s-2002-25728

Cited by 57 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In comparison with other inoculation experiments (e.g. Werres 1995;Vettraino et al 2001;Fleischmann et al 2002Fleischmann et al , 2004Holub et al 2010), however, the aggressiveness of P. multivora to forest trees might be at a level similar to that of P. cactorum or P. cambivora. Therefore, P. multivora may also pose a potential risk to European forests, at least in Central and Mediterranean Europe, because the examined oak forest in South Moravia was highly affected by this species.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Occurrence of Phytophthora multivora and Phytophthora plurivora in the Czech Republic

Mrazkova¹,

Černý²,

Tomšovský³

et al. 2013

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Mrázková M., Černý K., Tomšovský M., Strnadová V., Gregorová B., Holub V., Pánek M., Havrdová L., Hejná M. (2013): Occurrence of Phytophthora multivora and Phytophthora plurivora in the Czech Republic. Plant Protect. Sci., 49: 155-164.Beginning in 2006, a survey of two related Phytophthora species, P. multivora and P. plurivora, was performed in the Czech Republic. Both pathogens were distributed throughout a broad range of environments including forest and riparian stands and probably became naturalised in the country. The two species differed in their frequency and elevational distribution. P. multivora was less frequent, but commonly occurred in the lowest regions such as Central Bohemia and South Moravia, i.e. areas which generally exhibit a high level of invasion. This species was isolated primarily from Quercus robur and found to be involved in oak decline. Moreover it poses a high risk to other forest trees. P. plurivora was distributed in a broad range of elevations over the entire area. A substrate specificity was detected in P. plurivora -the isolates from forest trees were more aggressive to such trees than the isolates from ericaceous ornamental plants.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Occurrence of Phytophthora multivora and Phytophthora plurivora in the Czech Republic

Mrazkova¹,

Černý²,

Tomšovský³

et al. 2013

Plant Prot. Sci.

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“…The association between root damage and severe defoliation of the tree crown may be a consequence of reduced C assimilation as a result of pathogen infection. Maurel et al [35][36][37] and Fleischmann et al [17] demonstrated significantly reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration for seedlings of Castanea sativa, Fagus sylvatica and Q. ilex infected with various Phytophthora species. Similar results were also reported for Persea americana infected with P. cinnamomi [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

CanPhytophthora quercinahave a negative impact on mature pedunculate oaks under field conditions?

Ulrika

Rosengren

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Ten oak stands in southern Sweden were investigated to evaluate the impact of the root pathogen Phytophthora quercina on mature oaks under field conditions. Phytophthora quercina was present in five of the stands, while the other five stands were used as controls to verify the effect of the pathogen. In each stand, a healthy, a moderately declining and a severely declining tree were sampled. Fine-root length and nutrient status of each tree were analyzed, and the chemistry of the soil surrounding each tree was determined. The results showed that P. quercina can cause substantial reductions in the fine-root length of mature trees under natural conditions. The impact of the pathogen varied depending on tree vitality and season, being most pronounced for declining trees after an unusually dry summer. Despite the significant reduction in live fine-root length of declining trees in Phytophthora-infested stands, no consistent effects were found on the nutrient status of trees. Based on the significant impact of the pathogen on the fine-root systems of declining trees, we suggest that P. quercina contribute to oak decline in southern Sweden at the sites where it is present. No explanation is currently available for the decline of trees in non-infested stands, but the lack of symptoms of root damage indicate, together with the extensive root growth of declining trees, that root pathogens are not involved in the decline at these sites.Quercus robur / Phytophthora quercina / root vitality / soil chemistry / nutrient status Résumé -Phtytophthora quercina peut-il avoir un effet négatif sur les chênes pédonculés adultes en conditions de terrain ? Dix peuplements de chêne du sud de la Suède ont été examinés pour évaluer l'impact du pathogène racinaire Phytophthora quercina sur des chênes adultes en conditions de terrain. P. quercina était présent dans cinq peuplements, les cinq autres furent utilisés comme témoin des effets du pathogène. Dans chaque peuplement, un arbre sain, un arbre modérément dépérissant et un arbre très dépérissant ont été échantillonnés. La longueur des fines racines et le statut minéral de chaque arbre, ainsi que les caractéristiques chimiques du sol alentour ont été déterminés. Les résultats ont montré que P. quercina peut causer des réductions substantielles de la longueur des fines racines des arbres adultes dans les conditions de terrain. L'impact du pathogène varie selon la vitalité de l'arbre et la saison, avec des effets plus prononcés après un été particulièrement sec pour les arbres dépérissants. Malgré la réduction significative de la longueur des fines racines chez les arbres dépérissants dans les peuplements infectés par P. quercina, aucun réel effet n'a été trouvé sur le statut minéral des arbres. En nous appuyant sur l'impact significatif au niveau des fines racines, nous suggérons que P. quercina contribue au déclin des chênes dans le sud de la Suède.Quercus robur / Phytophthora quercina / vitalité des racines / caractères chimiques du sol / statut minéral

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“…During this time there was no visible indication of root infection on above-ground plant parts, such as stem necroses or wilt of leaves as described for beech seedlings infested with P. citricola (Fleischmann et al 2002. At the end of the experiment-13 weeks after inoculation-the pathogen was re-isolated from soil samples of all four lysimeters inoculated with the pathogen.…”

Section: Infection Of Beech Trees By Phytophthora Citricolamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…While mature trees and older saplings suffer a slow decline over several years, 4 months old seedlings of Fagus sylvatica were killed by the pathogen within a couple of days (Fleischmann et al 2002. The susceptibility of beech seedlings decreases fast during ontogeny.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ozone and Phytophthora citricola on non-structural carbohydrates of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) saplings

2009

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A lysimeter study was performed to monitor long term effects of chronic ozone enrichment on saplings of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L). After 3 years of ozone exposure a root infection with Phytophthora citricola Swada was established in the fourth year to study the interaction between elevated ozone and the root infection on the carbon budget of beech saplings. By using quantitative PCR no differences in root infection with P. citricola were observed between the ozone treatments. In contrast to the first 3 years of ozone exposure, sucrose and starch concentrations in leaves were diminished in ozone treated plants in the fourth year. The root infection reduced sucrose concentrations in leaves. Starch reserves of the heterotrophic biomass were not affected by any treatments. Thus 4 years of ozone exposure and 1 year of P. citricola root infection had only limited effect on carbohydrate metabolism in beech saplings.

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Investigations on Net CO₂ Assimilation, Transpiration and Root Growth of Fagus sylvatica Infested with Four Different Phytophthora Species

Cited by 57 publications

References 31 publications

Occurrence of Phytophthora multivora and Phytophthora plurivora in the Czech Republic

Occurrence of Phytophthora multivora and Phytophthora plurivora in the Czech Republic

CanPhytophthora quercinahave a negative impact on mature pedunculate oaks under field conditions?

Effects of ozone and Phytophthora citricola on non-structural carbohydrates of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) saplings

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