Investigations of the sorption behaviour of amorphous nitrogen-rich carbon nitride films as sensitive layers for cantilever-based chemical sensors

Abedinov, N.; Popov, C.; Yordanov, Z.; Rangelow, Ivo W.; Kulisch, W.

doi:10.1007/s00339-003-2386-z

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, if one can use hydrogen's attractive characteristics due to some hydrogen defects which were made intentionally and bonded weakly, carbon nitride could be a candidate for new materials for humidity sensor applications [8,9]. The similar view mentioned by Abedinov et al [10] also enhances humidity sensing properties of carbon nitride films. They believed the molecular absorption of the water into the layer changed effec- tive mass and induce tensile of compressive stress and supposed that forming hydrogen bonds of the polar H 2 O with the N atoms was the main mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Impedance characteristics of carbon nitride films for humidity sensors

Lee

2006

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Impedance characteristics of carbon nitride films for humidity sensors

Lee

2006

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…In contrast to such nitrides, nitrogen-rich carbon nitrides contain covalently bonded nitrogen in disordered structures with variable compositions and little or no long-range crystalline order. Regardless of the lack of details of local structure and composition, carbon nitrides and nitrogen-doped carbons have found use as metal-free organocatalysts and as components of fuel cell electrodes, and they show utility in light-emitting and chemical sensor applications …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Triazines to Heptazines: Deciphering the Local Structure of Amorphous Nitrogen-Rich Carbon Nitride Materials

2008

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Nitrogen-rich carbon nitride (CN x , x >/= 1) network materials have been produced as disordered structures by a variety of precursor-based methods, many that involve solid-state thermolysis at or above 500 degrees C. One popular precursor building block is the triazine unit (C 3N 3), and most postulated amorphous CN x network structures are based on cross-linked triazine units. Since hydrogen is most often observed in the product, these materials are usually more appropriately described as CN x H y materials. Results from recent carbon nitride studies using larger conjugated heptazine (C 6N 7) precursors and from rigorous structural investigations of triazine to heptazine thermal conversion processes have prompted a reexamination of likely local structures present in amorphous carbon nitride networks formed by triazine thermolysis reactions. In the present study, the formation and local structure of a CN x H y material formed via the rapid and exothermic decomposition of a reactive triazine precursor, C 3N 3(NHCl) 3, was examined by byproduct gas mass spectrometry, NMR and IR spectroscopy, base hydrolysis, and crystallographic analysis. The combined results clearly indicate that the moderate-temperature ( approximately 400 degrees C) self-sustaining decomposition of trichloromelamine results in ring fragmentation and reorganization into a CN x H y product that contains predominantly larger heptazine-like structural building blocks. These results may have applicability to many other disordered carbon nitride materials that are formed via triazine thermolysis. It also provides clearer and more accurate structural guidance in the use of these carbon nitrides as photoactive materials or coordination supports for metal and nonmetal species.

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“…The TCM-CN x H y product is insoluble in common organic solvents, acids and bases, and is amorphous by powder X-ray diffraction analysis (broad peak near 3.3 Å), 55 consistent with related disordered nitrogen-rich carbon nitride materials synthesized by others. 1,3,[5][6][7][8][9][10]22,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][91][92][93][94][95]113,114,117…”

Section: Thermal Decomposition Of Trichloromelamine (Tcm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…show utility in light-emitting and chemical sensor applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The origin of carbon nitrides will be discussed in the following section. Sung separately began work on calculating bulk moduli for known diamond-like semiconductors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of inorganic heptazine-based materials

Holst¹

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This dissertation describes research on the synthesis and characterization of extended heptazine-based, graphite-like carbon nitride materials (CN x), as well as molecular heptazine (C 6 N 7) derivatives. Spurred on by recent triazine to heptazine conversion studies, a structural examination was performed on an amorphous nitrogenrich carbon nitride material formed via the rapid and exothermic self-propagating decomposition of a triazine (C 3 N 3) precursor, trichloromelamine (TCM). The thermally stable and insoluble CN x H y product was determined to be composed of heptazine repeat units. This conclusion was supported by 13 C solid state NMR and isolation of molecular heptazine anions after base hydrolysis (structural deconstruction) of the CN x H y material. Modifications to the decomposition of TCM were explored. Introduction of a solid template (NaCl or silica) led to morphological changes in the TCM-CN x product, observed by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the sodium salts, NaBr and NaN 3 , led to chloride exchange with TCM. The use of mixtures of NH 4 Cl and NaN 3 also showed changes in the morphology of the material, while leading to slight changes in the IR spectra. A series of reactions between NaBH 4 and TCM yield novel thermally stable boron carbon nitride (BCN) materials. Reactions between TCM and Li 2 C 2 or aromatic organic solids led to CN x materials with increased carbon contents. Crystalline metal-heptazine precipitates were generated by cation exchange reaction with the base hydrolysis product of TCM-CN x , potassium cyamelurate. A structure solution was attempted for the crystalline copper cyamelurate salt, KCu[C 6 N 7 O 3 ]•4H 2 O. Neutral molecular heptazines were also synthesized; these species included 2,5,8-tribromo-s-heptazine (TBH), 2,5,8-triphenyl-s-heptazine (TPH), 2,5,8ix Solid state NH 4 Cl/NaN 3 and NaHCO 3 incorporation into trichloromelamine decomposition: Gas-forming additives .

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Investigations of the sorption behaviour of amorphous nitrogen-rich carbon nitride films as sensitive layers for cantilever-based chemical sensors

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Impedance characteristics of carbon nitride films for humidity sensors

Impedance characteristics of carbon nitride films for humidity sensors

From Triazines to Heptazines: Deciphering the Local Structure of Amorphous Nitrogen-Rich Carbon Nitride Materials

Synthesis of inorganic heptazine-based materials

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