Investigations of the sodium and lithium D-lines in strong magnetic fields

Abstract

Abstract. Experimental and theoretical investigations of the splitting of the hyperfme structure of the sodium and lithium-D-lines in magnetic fields between 0 and 1 T were performed. In this magnetic field region the fine structure levels J = t/2 and J = 3/2 of the excited term 2p begin to influence each other. In case of lithium crossings and anticrossings of hyperfine states stemming from different fine structure energy levels J = 1/2 and J = 3 / 2 can be observed. The measurements were performed by laseratomic-beam spectroscopy in dependence on the applied external magnetic field strength. The experimental spectra were compared with computed spectra. Spectra were simulated by calculations using for the hyperfine hamiltonian two hyperfine constants A and B in case of sodium and four hyperfine constants ac, ae, a0 and b in case of lithium. Values for this constants could be derived by fitting the theoretical splittings to the experimental ones. For the first time the gi -factor of sodium could be determined in a purely optical way.

Study of the Rb D 2-line splitting in a strong transverse magnetic field with Doppler-free spectroscopy in a nanocell

“…Before development of the NTC method, such results could be obtained only with the use of a more complex atomic beam technique [21,22]. The NTC method was used in [10] to study the behavior of the atomic transitions of the Rb D 1 -line region in a strong transverse magnetic field for the case of π-polarized emission.…”

Measurement of the transition wavelengths of the lithium resonance lines

“…The experimental arrangement was the same as described in previous papers [3,4,5,6,7]. A well-collimated atomic beam, running in an interaction region enabled us to apply external electric and magnetic fields.…”

“…It allowed us to measure frequency differences of 10 GHz with the systematic errors of 0.2 MHz. For the high magnetic fields [7], the Zeeman components of the Li D-lines was spread over a large frequency range. So in different scans we were able to record only certain parts of the spectra.…”

Sub-Doppler spectra of sodium $D$ lines in a wide range of magnetic field: theoretical study

“…The reason for this is the lack of convenient inexpensive lasers operating in the region of these resonances (589.6 nm and 589.0 nm, respectively), as well as the relatively low vapor density. Although some information concerning Zeeman transitions of sodium exist in the literature [25][26][27], the available information is far from being complete. Meanwhile, recently interest in magneto-optical processes in sodium vapor has increased, in particular, due to the topical problem of mesospheric sodium [28].…”