Investigations of proton and deuteron induced nuclear reactions on natural and enriched Titanium, Calcium and Vanadium targets, with special reference to the production of 47Sc

Jafari, Ali; Aboudzadeh, Mohammad Reza; Azizakram, Hamid; Sadeghi, Mahdi; Alirezapour, Behrouz; Rajabifar, S.; Yousefi, Kamran

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.07.007

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, neither 48 Ca target material nor alpha accelerators are widely accessible, and these reactions routes will likely not have widespread use. Other alternative production paths to produce 47 Sc include proton bombardment of natural vanadium targets [ nat V(p,x) 47 Sc] (Jafari, et al, 2019;Barbaro, et al, 2021;De Nardo, et al, 2021), photonuclear reactions via electron linear accelerators [ 48 Ti(γ,p) 47 Sc and 51 V(γ,α) 47 Sc] (Kazakov, et al, 2012;Rotsch, et al, 2018;Loveless, et al, 2019;Aliev, et al, 2020;Snow, et al, 2021) and reactor production with fast [ 46 Ca(n,γ) 47 Ca → 47 Sc] or thermal [ 47 Ti(n,p) 47 Sc] neutrons (Domnanich, et al, 2017b;Jalilian, et al, 2021).…”

Section: /44gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclotron production of 43Sc and 44gSc from enriched 42CaO, 43CaO, and 44CaO targets

et al. 2023

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Introduction:43Sc and 44gSc are both positron-emitting radioisotopes of scandium with suitable half-lives and favorable positron energies for clinical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Irradiation of isotopically enriched calcium targets has higher cross sections compared to titanium targets and higher radionuclidic purity and cross sections than natural calcium targets for reaction routes possible on small cyclotrons capable of accelerating protons and deuterons.Methods: In this work, we investigate the following production routes via proton and deuteron bombardment on CaCO3 and CaO target materials: 42Ca(d,n)43Sc, 43Ca(p,n)43Sc, 43Ca(d,n)44gSc, 44Ca(p,n)44gSc, and 44Ca(p,2n)43Sc. Radiochemical isolation of the produced radioscandium was performed with extraction chromatography using branched DGA resin and apparent molar activity was measured with the chelator DOTA. The imaging performance of 43Sc and 44gSc was compared with 18F, 68Ga, and 64Cu on two clinical PET/CT scanners.Discussion: The results of this work demonstrate that proton and deuteron bombardment of isotopically enriched CaO targets produce high yield and high radionuclidic purity 43Sc and 44gSc. Laboratory capabilities, circumstances, and budgets are likely to dictate which reaction route and radioisotope of scandium is chosen.

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Section: /44gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclotron production of 43Sc and 44gSc from enriched 42CaO, 43CaO, and 44CaO targets

et al. 2023

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“…However, this method suffers from the co-production of 46 Sc (T 1/2 = 83.79 d) which emits high energy gamma rays abundantly. This impurity is a major concern in the production of 47 Sc both for the risk of unnecessary radiation dose and the regulatory constraints when stored at the therapy wards (Jafari et al 2019).…”

Section: Production Of 47 Sc Using Protonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental data on nat V can hence be interpreted in broad energy range as coming from a monoisotopic 51 V target and reaction cross-sections can be derived. The cross-sections of the nat V(p,x) 47 Sc nuclear reaction were measured up to 70 MeV proton beam (Jafari et al 2019;Pupillo et al 2019;Ditroi et al 2016), the low reaction yields are the disadvantage of this approach.…”

Section: Production Of 47 Sc Using Protonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of scandium radionuclides for theranostic applications: towards standardization of quality requirements

Mikołajczak

Huclier‐Markai

Alliot

et al. 2021

EJNMMI radiopharm. chem.

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In the frame of “precision medicine”, the scandium radionuclides have recently received considerable interest, providing personalised adjustment of radiation characteristics to optimize the efficiency of medical care or therapeutic benefit for particular groups of patients. Radionuclides of scandium, namely scandium-43 and scandium-44 (43/44Sc) as positron emitters and scandium-47 (47Sc), beta-radiation emitter, seem to fit ideally into the concept of theranostic pair. This paper aims to review the work on scandium isotopes production, coordination chemistry, radiolabeling, preclinical studies and the very first clinical studies. Finally, standardized procedures for scandium-based radiopharmaceuticals have been proposed as a basis to pave the way for elaboration of the Ph.Eur. monographs for perspective scandium radionuclides.

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“…Recent research has demonstrated the therapeutic suitability of 47 Sc with the diagnostic analogue 44 Sc [1,2,3]. In practice there are almost more than 10 reactions are reported to produce 47 Sc which includes using both reactors and accelerators [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37] and by taking Ti, V or Ca as target materials. When it comes to accelerators, cyclotrons with proton beams are available in large numbers compared to other charged particle accelerator facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation functions of proton-induced nuclear reactions on natCaCO3 up to 60 MeV

Ahmed

Misiak

Bartyzel

et al. 2023

Preprint

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47Sc could be used in SPECT imaging and is also suitable for targeted therapy of small tumors. Application of 47Sc is quite promising as theranostic with its diagnostic pair 44Sc or 43Sc. The excitation functions for the production of 47Sc and accompanying impurities via proton bombardment of natural calcium carbonate (natCaCO3) targets were evaluated experimentally and compared with previous measurements and TALYS. The integral production yields of 47Sc and also 44m,46,48Sc as a main impurity were calculated. The result’s consistency with available experimental data was checked for each reaction. Target yield was derived using the measured activity of produced radionuclides.

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Investigations of proton and deuteron induced nuclear reactions on natural and enriched Titanium, Calcium and Vanadium targets, with special reference to the production of 47Sc

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Cyclotron production of 43Sc and 44gSc from enriched 42CaO, 43CaO, and 44CaO targets

Cyclotron production of 43Sc and 44gSc from enriched 42CaO, 43CaO, and 44CaO targets

Production of scandium radionuclides for theranostic applications: towards standardization of quality requirements

Excitation functions of proton-induced nuclear reactions on natCaCO3 up to 60 MeV

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